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Flow Correlations @ RHIC: “an abridged PHENIX view” Roy A. Lacey (for the PHENIX collaboration)

Flow Correlations @ RHIC: “an abridged PHENIX view” Roy A. Lacey (for the PHENIX collaboration) Chemistry Dept. Stony Brook University. Aim Give a survey of PHENIX Flow measurements Highlight several implications What theorist need to know. Coupling. Thursday – 5:20 PM.

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Flow Correlations @ RHIC: “an abridged PHENIX view” Roy A. Lacey (for the PHENIX collaboration)

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  1. Flow Correlations @ RHIC: “an abridged PHENIX view” Roy A. Lacey (for the PHENIX collaboration) Chemistry Dept. Stony Brook University • Aim • Give a survey of PHENIX Flow measurements • Highlight several implications • What theorist need to know Roy A. Lacey, Stony Brook University; CATHIE-TECHQM Workshop, BNL USA, Dec 14-18th, 2009

  2. Coupling Thursday – 5:20 PM Tuesday – 10:20 AM Now Roy A. Lacey, Stony Brook University; CATHIE-TECHQM Workshop, BNL USA, Dec 14-18th, 2009

  3. Why study Flow? Flow measurements give access to the properties of the new state of matter recently discovered at RHIC • Access: • Direct  T, cs, η, ζ, etc • Indirect  constrains dynamics for determination • Crucial for Critical End Point (CEP) search Flow studies are indispensible Roy A. Lacey, Stony Brook University; CATHIE-TECHQM Workshop, BNL USA, Dec 14-18th, 2009

  4. The Flow Probe Reaction plane Y X Z Hydrodynamic Primary Control Parameters Flow provides unparalleled access to the transport properties of the medium Roy A. Lacey, Stony Brook University; CATHIE-TECHQM Workshop, BNL USA, Dec 14-18th, 2009

  5. How are transport coefficients obtained from flow data? • Issues • Data (method, role of non- flow?) • pre vs. post hadronic • contributions • Species dependence • Extraction procedure • Initial conditions (ε) • Fit constraints • etc Comparisons to viscous hydrodynamics calculation Hydrodynamically inspired fits to Data Critical path issues are common to all methodologies • There are known known's • There are known unknowns • There unknown unknowns • D. Rumsfeld Roy A. Lacey, Stony Brook University; CATHIE-TECHQM Workshop, BNL USA, Dec 14-18th, 2009

  6. A known known - Flow measurements are robust BBC/MPC Central Arms PHENIX Preliminary RXN RXN BBC/MPC Event planes • No evidence for significant η-dependent non-flow contributions • Contributions from the ridge estimated to be small as well Roy A. Lacey, Stony Brook University; CATHIE-TECHQM Workshop, BNL USA, Dec 14-18th, 2009

  7. A known known – Consistency of higher harmonics Central Arms RXN RXN BBC/MPC BBC/MPC PHENIX Preliminary PHENIX Preliminary Consistent results for v4 / v2 2ratio using measurements with respect to the different event planes Roy A. Lacey, Stony Brook University; CATHIE-TECHQM Workshop, BNL USA, Dec 14-18th, 2009

  8. Taranenko will discuss this in detail! A known known – agreement between RHIC measurements EP • Issues: • different experimental results • results from different methods • which data set to use ? • There is good agreement between experiments • Consideration of fluctuations important when comparing different methods The results from different methods should Not be used as a measure of systematic error! Roy A. Lacey, Stony Brook University; CATHIE-TECHQM Workshop, BNL USA, Dec 14-18th, 2009

  9. A known known – Energy dependence of v2 ~ 50% increase from SPS to RHIC. Apparent saturation above 62.4 GeV Roy A. Lacey, Stony Brook University; CATHIE-TECHQM Workshop, BNL USA, Dec 14-18th, 2009

  10. A known known – Flow scales PHENIX Preliminary PHENIX Preliminary PHENIX Preliminary PHENIX Preliminary PHENIX Preliminary PHENIX Preliminary KET & nq (nq2)scaling validated for v2 as a function of centrality Roy A. Lacey, Stony Brook University; CATHIE-TECHQM Workshop, BNL USA, Dec 14-18th, 2009

  11. A known known – Charm flows and scales PHENIX Final Run4 van Hees et al. PHENIX Preliminary Run7 Minimum bias Au+Au at √sNN = 200 GeV J/(ccbar) v2 still challenged by statistics • Strong coupling • η/s - estimate Roy A. Lacey, Stony Brook University; CATHIE-TECHQM Workshop, BNL USA, Dec 14-18th, 2009

  12. A known known - universal scaling of harmonic flow at RHIC PHENIX Preliminary KET & nq (nq2)scaling validated for v2 (v4) Roy A. Lacey, Stony Brook University; CATHIE-TECHQM Workshop, BNL USA, Dec 14-18th, 2009

  13. A known known - flow is partonic Demir et al η/s from hadronic phase is very large 10-12x(1/4π) No room for such values! Partonic flow dominates! Roy A. Lacey, Stony Brook University; CATHIE-TECHQM Workshop, BNL USA, Dec 14-18th, 2009

  14. Hadronic flow at lower energies – v1 Bleicher et al PRL 85, 940 (2000) PRL 85, 940 (2000) Sideward's flow depend on particle species Roy A. Lacey, Stony Brook University; CATHIE-TECHQM Workshop, BNL USA, Dec 14-18th, 2009

  15. A known known – Scaling breaks at high pT Hwa&Yang arXiv:0801.2183[nucl-th] • NCQ scaling is expected to break at intermediate pTif pions are mainly from recombination of TS partons but protons are mainly from TTS and TSS . Roy A. Lacey, Stony Brook University; CATHIE-TECHQM Workshop, BNL USA, Dec 14-18th, 2009

  16. A Known Unknown – initial eccentricity  • Geometric fluctuations are very important – be skeptical of any claim that does not include them • eccentricity should be constrained Roy A. Lacey, Stony Brook University; CATHIE-TECHQM Workshop, BNL USA, Dec 14-18th, 2009

  17. What do the fits and model comparisons tell us? Roy A. Lacey, Stony Brook University; CATHIE-TECHQM Workshop, BNL USA, Dec 14-18th, 2009

  18. pions PHENIX preliminary data Estimates for η/s Chaudhuri Romatschke, Romatschke, & Luzum v2 pT(GeV/c) Calculations suggest small η/s value Viscosity required for KET scaling  Lower Limit ? Roy A. Lacey, Stony Brook University; CATHIE-TECHQM Workshop, BNL USA, Dec 14-18th, 2009

  19. Estimates for η/s Teaney Extracted η/s is small Roy A. Lacey, Stony Brook University; CATHIE-TECHQM Workshop, BNL USA, Dec 14-18th, 2009

  20. Estimates for η/s C. Gombeaud, J.-Y. Ollitrault arXiv:0907.4664, arXiv:0910.0392 Ideal hydro. + fluctuation + incomplete thermalization Ideal hydro. + fluctuation Ideal hydro. Fluctuations are very important Roy A. Lacey, Stony Brook University; CATHIE-TECHQM Workshop, BNL USA, Dec 14-18th, 2009

  21. Estimates for η/s G. Denicol et al v2 pT Relaxation time limits η/s to small values Roy A. Lacey, Stony Brook University; CATHIE-TECHQM Workshop, BNL USA, Dec 14-18th, 2009

  22. Knudsen number parameterization Strategy quantify the viscous corrections to hydrodynamics via a simple fitting procedure, to obtain K as a function of Npart Obtain from fits to data (viscous correction) Geometry (from model) With viscosity v2/ε Npart Ideal hydrodynamics Lattice EOS Obtain from fits to data (viscous correction) Roy A. Lacey, Stony Brook University; CATHIE-TECHQM Workshop, BNL USA, Dec 14-18th, 2009

  23. Calibration of the method Methodology successfully proofed – very important Roy A. Lacey, Stony Brook University; CATHIE-TECHQM Workshop, BNL USA, Dec 14-18th, 2009

  24. New constraints for η/s Lattice EOS arXiv:0905.4368 Geometric Viscous corrections Grow as : Not an intrinsic property (Teaney) T also obtained from the fit! Roy A. Lacey, Stony Brook University; CATHIE-TECHQM Workshop, BNL USA, Dec 14-18th, 2009

  25. Summary • PHENIX measurements are robust, pervasive and rife with opportunity for more detailed extraction of transport coefficients. • Care is required for model comparisons. • Current estimates of η/s indicate a small value Roy A. Lacey, Stony Brook University; CATHIE-TECHQM Workshop, BNL USA, Dec 14-18th, 2009

  26. STAR:PRL98(2007) 192301 Non-photonic electron flow PHENIX Preliminary

  27. U + U “tip-tip” collision collision along the longest axis “body-body” collision collision along the shortest axis

  28. v4/(v2)2 ratio for different particle species V4 = k(V2)2 where k is the same for different particle species 28

  29. High pT trigger Same-Side Jet x10 x20 Medium Response & Transport Coefficients QCD Sonic Boom Gives sound speed directly; Sets upper limit on viscosity. Roy A. Lacey, Stony Brook University; CATHIE-TECHQM Workshop, BNL USA, Dec 14-18th, 2009

  30. Simulated Deflected jet Simulated Mach Cone True 3PC jet correlations QCD Sonic Boom? Data Total 3PC jet correlations Data compatible with the presence of a away-side Mach Cone Roy A. Lacey, Stony Brook University; CATHIE-TECHQM Workshop, BNL USA, Dec 14-18th, 2009

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