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HEAD INJURIES

HEAD INJURIES. Head Injuries Scalp lacerations Skull fractures Brain injuries Complications of head injuries. Scalp Lacerations. Scalp has a rich blood supply. There may be more serious, deeper injuries. Fold skin flaps back down onto scalp. Control bleeding by direct pressure.

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HEAD INJURIES

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  1. HEAD INJURIES Head Injuries Scalp lacerations Skull fractures Brain injuries Complications of head injuries

  2. Scalp Lacerations • Scalp has a rich blood supply. • There may be more serious, deeper injuries. • Fold skin flaps back down onto scalp. • Control bleeding by direct pressure.

  3. Skull Fracture • Indicates significant force • Signs • Obvious deformity • Visible crack in the skull • Raccoon eyes • Battle’s sign • NECK INJURY!!

  4. Types of Head Injuries • OPEN • CLOSED

  5. Signs and Symptoms • (1 of 3) • Cuts, bruises & swelling to scalp • Soft areas or depression upon palpation • Visible skull fractures or deformities • “Black eyes” / bruising behind ear. • Clear or pink fluid leakage

  6. Signs and Symptoms • (2 of 3) • Unequal pupils • Loss of sensation and/or motor function • Period of unconsciousness • Amnesia • Seizures

  7. Signs and Symptoms • (3 of 3) • Numbness or tingling in the extremities • Irregular respirations • Dizziness • Visual complaints • Combative or abnormal behavior • Nausea or vomiting

  8. Level of Consciousness • Change in level of consciousness is the single most important observation. • Use the AVPU scale • Reassess • Every 15 minutes if patient is stable. • Every 5 minutes if patient is unstable.

  9. Level of Consciousness • A Alert • V Responsive to Verbal stimulus • P Responsive to Pain • U Unresponsive

  10. Emergency Medical Care • Establish an adequate airway, (head tilt / chin lift) • Control bleeding and provide adequate circulation. • Assess the patient’s baseline level of consciousness. • Begin fluid resuscitation, Maintain radial pulse

  11. QUESTONS?

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