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CH. 6 – The Origins of American Politics

CH. 6 – The Origins of American Politics. C 6.1 – Liberty Versus Order in the 1790s. Recall. Federalist Supported a strong central government Anti-Federalist Opposed a strong central government. Alexander Hamilton. Federalist

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CH. 6 – The Origins of American Politics

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  1. CH. 6 – The Origins of American Politics C 6.1 – Liberty Versus Order in the 1790s

  2. Recall • Federalist • Supported a strong central government • Anti-Federalist • Opposed a strong central government

  3. Alexander Hamilton • Federalist • Thought the American people were too ignorant to govern, and a strong central government was needed • Secretary of the Treasury: in charge of the country’s money policies

  4. Hamilton’s Policies • Each state borrowed money from other countries to pay for the war (guns, soldiers, etc) • Hamilton’s Idea: have the Federal Government take over all of the states’ debts • How does this support a strong central government? • Put yourselves in the shoes of a person in another country who is owed money from the war • If your debt is now in the hands of the federal government, are you going to let the government collapse? • Creditors would care about the nation as a whole, instead of individual states

  5. Southern States Unhappy • “Man, I pay my bills, why do I have to help pay for the N. states bills” – southern dude (c. 1790) • Hamilton’s Compromise: • The federal government would take over the debts of the war • The south will get the National Capitol, capitol was placed in Washington, DC

  6. How do we pay off this debt? • Tariffs: Tax on imported goods • Taxes: Whiskey Tax

  7. Whiskey Rebellion (1794) • People of Western Pennsylvania unhappy with the Whiskey Tax • They saw it as an assault on their hard-won liberty from England • “No taxation, without representation” • They were represented in congress

  8. Whiskey Rebellion (1794) • Rebels closed Federal courts and attacked tax collectors • Washington and Hamilton saw this as an opportunity to show the new governments strength • Army led into Pennsylvania, rebellion stopped

  9. Whiskey Rebellion • Why is this important? • First real test to this new American Government • Had to show that they had the power to enforce their laws

  10. 2 Parties Emerge in late 18th century • Federalist • Jeffersonian “Republicans” • Not associated with modern Republicans • Wanted a weak central gov • Opposed Hamilton

  11. Election of 1796 • John Adams (Federalist) v. Thomas Jefferson (Republican) • Close contest • John Adams wins

  12. Washington’s Farewell • “[A system of political parties] agitates the community with ill-founded jealousies and false alarms; kindles the animosity of one part against another” – George Washington

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