Innovation of the Field of Energy, focus on renewable Franz Gelbke, March 8 th , 2014

1. Innovation of the Field of Energy, focus on renewable Franz Gelbke, March 8th , 2014

2. Remarks to Innovation, and Innovation System • renewable energy Act • Some figures about Germans Energy Mix • The three pillars around renewable energy • Overview about the grand programs for energy in Germany • Examples for developments in the different technology fields of renewable energy Innovation of the Field of Energy, focus on renewable Franz Gelbke, March 8th , 2014

3. Why Innovation System and Technology Transfer better life trough more jobs strong economy social freedom more tax by higher income growing private business BTC focus by using technology

4. Innovation Chain Innovation Process product or process is successful in the market 4 ready product for sales in quantity product sold in market prototype functionalsample 3 2 1 Research & Development Marketing & Sales Idea Production Market 4

5. Elements for an National / Regional Innovation System Innovation climate Education / capacity building Good governance / law regulations Learn to learn Companies to develop new products or services Research and developmental institutions • Support institutions / System • Intermediary • Incubator • Technology Centers • Project Management Agency • others • Financing private and public • Bank • Grand Program • others Infrastructure

6. Influence of Government in National / Regional Innovation System Companies to develop new products or services Education / capacity building Learn to learn better government law regulations Research and developmental institutions • Support institutions / System • Intermediary • Incubator • Technology Centers • Project Management Agency • others • Financing private and public • Bank • Grand Program • others Infrastructure

7. The priority of renewable energy Act(Erneuerbare-Energien-Gesetz- EEG) • (1) Purpose of this law is to enable sustainable development of energy supply especially in the interest of climate - and environmental protection, to reduce the economic costs of energy supply through the inclusion of long-term external effects, to conserve fossil energy resources, and to promote the development of technologies for the production of electricity from renewable energy sources. • (2) To achieve the purpose of paragraph 1, this law aims at least to increase the share of renewable energy in the power supply on • 35 percent by the year 2020, • 50 percent by the year 2030, • 65 percent by the year 2040 and • 80 percent by the year 2050 • and this amount of electricity into the electricity supply system to integrate.

8. Electrical Power Mix in Germany 2013

9. Primary energy consumption and import dependency in Germany 2012 in Germany 2012

10. Through renewable energy reduced costs for fuel imports Billion Euro Kira kira 750 trillion Rp. Kira kira 150 trillion Rp.

11. The three pillars around renewable energy

12. Overview Topics of the Promotion Programs from the federal Government Renewable Energies +- 250Mio € ( 4 trillion Rp) Energy efficiency +- 230Mio€ ( 3,68 trillion Rp)

13. Promotion Renewable Energies

14. Trends in electricity supply and installed capacity of wind turbines in Germany

15. most important innovations wind power onshore In recent years the wind power technology has evolved enormously. Especially performance and efficiency of the power plants has risen. The most important innovations in the onshore usage at a glance. • HIGHER SPHERES • SOPHISTICATED TRANSPORT TECHNOLOGY • OUTREACH WING • OPTIMIZED WINDSCREEN • DIVISIBLE TOWERS • NEW TWIST • MORE POWER OUTPUT • CONTINUOUS CONTROL • ACCURATE FORECASTS

16. HIGHER SPHERES The towers reach up to 150 meters. New, powerful cranes allow to heave the heavy components in such heights. The wind strength with increasing distance from the ground increases significantly. Each meter altitude produces up to a percent more revenue. The gondola sitting on an up to 140 meters high tower, the rotor diameter is 114 meters. So is the entire system to a height of 200 meters. 135 m high

17. SOPHISTICATED TRANSPORT TECHNOLOGY Tilt blocks, can move the wings elegantly using hydraulic tongs. At the Tower segment wheels are mounted, So, it is possible to build wings 60 meters in length even in poorly accessible regions.

18. OUTREACH WING Recently, Siemens has unveiled the world's longest rotor wings. The "quantum" sheet is 75 meters long and is driving strong offshore wind turbine with six megawatt. Double rotor diameter equal to four times current yield. integral construction. Wings emerge from a "cast" - no crack-prone seams and splices. Fiberglass is the most important part of most modern wing - or in rare cases even more expensive carbon-reinforced plastic. Have a significantly slimmer shape. According to Siemens, the quantum wings 25 to 50 percent less weight than a traditionally manufactured wings have. Long and light: The photo shows half of the mold in which Siemens is the world's longest rotor blades.

19. OPTIMIZED WINDSCREEN In future wind turbines, eachwingshould be adjustedindividually. The change of the angle of attack, so the position of the wing to the wind, is crucial for both the yield as well as for the loads, the wings are exposed. So far, all three sheets are synchronously "pitching", so made out respectively in the wind. Because the wind near the ground blowsweaker as in height and the rotor diameter become larger and larger, it growsthe last differences between lower and upper rotor wing. To cope withthis, in the future each sheet should be adjusted individually. The technology is only in the implementation phase.

20. DIVISIBLE TOWERS Thanks to new Tower concepts, even the largest power plants can be disassemble to ease of transport. Because the towers are always higher, increasing diameters in the footer. Highway bridges allow only a maximum height of 4.5 meters. BV: towers in "Lego - construction" are offered. The largest building block, a 15 meters long and four meters wide quarter shell, weighs 32 tons comparatively little.

21. Wind power: Direct Drive Direct drive: This wind power plant from Siemens operates without gears. A permanent magnet generate the magnetic field for the electrical power generator. They are significantly more expensive- for this but less faulty. They are used especially in offshore farms, where repairs and maintenance work are expensive.

22. MORE POWER OUTPUT The generator is the heart of a wind turbine. It converts the rotary motion of the rotor into electrical current. More and more producers take upto synchronous generators, usually in combination with permanent magnets, which offer a better efficiency. The disadvantage of synchronous generators: these generators need a more elaborate electronic scheme as the existing generators to compensate for frequency variations during power generation. Alternating current / direct current

23. CONTINUOUS CONTROL Thanks to new condition monitoring systems (CMS) now wind turbines can be monitored in real time from a distance and the operators prevent errors. CMS control all parameters around the mill - by the blowing of winds up to the temperature of the transmissionoil. Those informationsare integrated into computer programs, which will help toplan maintenance intervals - so that the components could be replaced before the wind turbine stopped due to a defect. It will takes still some years before it is ready for commercial.

24. ACCURATE FORECASTS The quality of the predictions has improved significantly. Forecasts for 48 hoursnow can be createdwith an accuracy of 96%. This is important to predict the expected amounts of electricity accurately. Only then the regeneratively produced energy can be planned integrateintothe electricity mix. The wind models also help to find the ideal location for a new wind farm.

26. Concentratedsolar thermal Concentrated solar power (also called concentrating solar power, concentrated solar thermal, and CSP) systems use mirrors or lenses to concentrate a large area of sunlight, or solar thermal energy, onto a small area. Electrical power is produced when the concentrated light is converted to heat, which drives a heat engine (usually a steam turbine) connected to an electrical power generator or powers a thermochemical reaction (experimental as of 2013)

27. Concentratedsolar thermal

28. Parabolicflow power plants Parabolic trough collectors consist of curved mirrors that focus sunlight onto an absorber pipe runs in the focal line. In the absorber tubes, the concentrated solar radiation in heat is implemented and given to a circulating heat transfer medium.

29. Parabolicflow power plants

30. The Forest gives Gas After the Second World War, saddling tens thousands of motorists around on wood. They equipped their vehicles with a gasifier, who wins a fuel from biomass. Several municipal utilities have taken gasifier in recent months in operation that produce a carbon-neutral fuel for combined heat and power of wood. The wood is first carbonized lack of air, so that form a gas mixture as well as tar and charcoal. This pyrolysis is followed by a oxidation and reduction. This results in a combustible gas, which contains, inter alia, carbon monoxide, hydrogen and methane. After the cleaning it is burned in a gas engine to produce electricity and district heating. Moreover, the efficiency of a wood gas CHP is significantly higher than that of a wood heating plant, in which the biomass is burned directly.

31. NEW CATALYST SPLIT WATER EFFICIENT ARTIFICIAL PHOTOSYNTHESIS Electrolysis is today the most efficient way to produce hydrogen from wind power. However, it has to be converted from wind energy into electrical energy. Without this energy-consuming interim step methods, now come from the artificial photosynthesis, which can cleave directly with sunlight water molecules into oxygen and hydrogen. So far, however, the yield of this catalytic reaction was negligible. Now a team of researchers was able to JimingBao of the University of Houston, the efficiency of this method with tiny, less than ten millionths of a meter small increase of cobalt oxide nanoparticles by 50-fold (DOI: 10.1038/nnano.2013.272). "Once the nanoparticles were stirred into the water and the light was turned on, the water immediately split into oxygen and hydrogen," says Bao. Lighted with a lamp, which simulated the natural solar spectrum, originated in a small glass of water within half an hour 20 milliliters of hydrogen. The stored energy in this gas quantity is equivalent to about five percent of the radiated light energy. Previous experiments with other catalysts had reached only a fraction of that yield. The high yield, the researchers achieved but only with freshly crushed cobalt oxide. And after just one hour, the nanoparticles lost their catalytic effect. Nevertheless, these experiments show that cobalt-containing catalysts have great potential.

32. Geothermal -Scientific drilling With InnovaRig, one of the most modern plants in the world for drilling projects is now up to 5,000 meters available. The special needs of the research implemented optimally in the InovaRigconcept. It is possible that different drilling techniques without significant technical overhead to use and particularly quickly and cost-effectively perform core drilling. The appropriate devices and instruments have been integrated into the system. As were Facilities for the rapid implementation of borehole measurements, continuous data acquisition and storage and built for the analysis of drilling fluid

33. Indonesia – German Geotermal Research Project Agenda Highlights • Only ~1.2 of ~29 GWe potential capacity from geothermal energy (4%) installed • Government actions • Ministerial regulation : 2/2011 to 22/2012  feed-in tariff increase and simplifications • Tax holidays during/for exploration activities, etc.  Many opportunities for investment and development Remark: Installed energy in Indonesia kirakira 30GW

34. Research Project Topics

35. GeNie: Binary power plant for Indonesia (2013 – 2016, BMBF, 03G0834A) Geothermisches Niedertemperatur-Demonstrationskraftwerk Indonesien (Geothermal low-temperaturedemonstration power plant Indonesia) AGENCY FOR THE ASSESMENT AND APPLICATION OF TECHNOLOGY Knowledge & Experience 500 kWel ORC-module

36. Miniaturehome power stations Virtual power plants Flexibly compensate for electricity shortages: Miniature home power stations respond to increased demand. Eco-electricity provider LichtBlick, in collaboration with Volkswagen AG, is developing a concept that should allow miniature home power stations (ZHKWs) to flexibly compensate for fluctuations in the power supply. The system is based on gas-powered CHP plants that produce electricity and heat simultaneously.

37. Smart Grid

38. Window with Heat Protection With so-called electrochromic window coatings glasses between different colors can be switched back and forth nowadays. A working group at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory ( LBL) now went a step further . The scientists developed a disc that blocks at the touch of heat radiation, visible light, however, almost unimpeded by leaves ( DOI: 10.1038/nature12398 ) . The glass may help to reduce the energy requirements for air conditioning systems drastically.

39. Textiles generates Power Apair of shorts and a sleeping bag as energy sources. In the pants foam is incorporated with a ferroelectric material whose cavities are constantly changing due to movements in size and shape, thus creating a charge. The so-called "Power Shorts” collects in this way on the day, sufficient electrical energy to charge a smartphone four hours. The sleeping bag on the other hand generates electricity through the difference in temperature of its interior to the environment. The built-in thermoelectric elements accumulate within eight hours so much energy that at a temperature difference between inside and outside of about 27 degrees Celsius, the battery life of a mobile phone can be extended by eleven hours.

40. Incubator in the desert (di gurun)

41. Incubator in the desert (di gurun) Out phasing concept Business competition program Promotion Marketing R&D grand program Advising / Training Networking

42. Terimakasih | Thank you | Danke Franz Gelbke Business Technology Center – Network Ministry of Research and Technology BPPT Building 2 , 6th floor | JL. MH. Thamrin No. 08 Jakarta – 10340 Phone: +62 21 3169903 | Fax. +62 21 39839719 www.ristek.go.id/btc-network additional material follow

43. Grand programs by different ministries in Germany • Interministerial initiatives • Energy storage systems • Power grids • Solar-powered Buildings – Energy Efficient Cities • Research funding provided by the Federal Ministry of Economics and Technology • Energy saving and energy efficiency • Energy efficiency in the building sector and energy-optimized building • Energy efficient cities and decentralized energy systems • Energy efficiency in industry, crafts, trade and services • Energy storage for stationary and mobile applications • Grids for future electricity supply • Power plant technology and CCS technologies • Fuel cells and hydrogen • System analysis and the dissemination of information

44. Research funding provided by the Federal Ministry for the Environment, Nature Conservation and Nuclear Safety 1 • Wind energy • Further development of technologies for onshore and offshore use • Wind energy exploitation at sea • Accompanying research on environmental impacts and on acceptance • Photovoltaics • Silicon wafer technology • Thin-film solar cells • Systems technology • Alternative solar cell concepts and new research approaches • Deep geothermal energy • System components and exploration technology • Underground data • Seismic activity and disposal issues

45. Research funding provided by the Federal Ministry for the Environment, Nature Conservation and Nuclear Safety 2 • Low-temperature solar thermal power • Collector technology • Systems technology/low-temperature solar thermal power in buildings • Solar cooling and solar process heat • Heat storage • Solar thermal power plants • Parabolic trough systems • Fresnel systems • Solar towers • Integrated storage modules • Hydropower and ocean energy

46. Research funding provided by the Federal Ministry for the Environment, Nature Conservation and Nuclear Safety 3 • Research funding provided by the Federal Ministry for the Environment, Nature Conservation and Nuclear Safety • Integration of renewable energy and alternative energy supply systems • Renewable-energy CHP plants – virtual power plants • Smart grids – load management • Grid technologies • Storage technologies • System services • Forecasting electricity production and consumption • Cross-cutting research: conditions for greater renewable penetration

47. Research funding provided by the Federal Ministry of Food, Agriculture and Consumer Protection • Bioenergy – facts and figures • Sustainable biomass production • Solid bioenergy sources • Gaseous bioenergy sources/biogas • Liquid bioenergy sources/biofuels • Budgetary funds

48. Research funding provided by the Federal Ministry of Education and Research • Basic research in energy efficiency • Towards a carbon-neutral, energy-efficient city adapted to climatic conditions • Climate protection: a smart approach to carbon management • Gearing cross-sectoralactivities toward priority fields of application • Basic research on renewable energy • New technologies and solutions for grid development • Storage systems for more renewable electricity • Photovoltaics: electricity from solar energy • Using biological resources for electricity production • Harnessing the untapped potential of wind power • Solar thermal technology, photosynthesis and hydroelectric power • Knowledge-based system analysis

49. SubmittedProject Proposals in the Initiative ConveyingEnergy Storage Simulation Models for Distributed Systems 35 Hydrogen Storage incl. Methanation 72 System Analysis Studies 30 Compressed Air Storage 9 Technically Improved Thermal Storage 50 Innovative Pump Storage Power Plants 27 Heating Supply Concepts with Connectivity for Store 25 Batteries and Redox-Flow Storage 68 Thermochemical and Latent Heat Storage 32 Others 32 Flywheel Storage, Energy Storage Plant 14 Figure 36

50. Project Funding of Energy Technology Basic Research in Energy Research Program Million Euro Photo voltaic Storage Technologies Bio Energy Efficient Use of Energy Power Grids Fusion Cross Section and Others Figure 22