A vision: using data to ensure the safe provision of care

1. A vision: using data to ensure the safe provision of care Dr Bruce Warner Deputy Director of Patient Safety NHS England

2. International and National Recognition of Patient Safety 1999 2000 2001

3. June 2012 – from the National Patient Safety Agency to the NHS Commissioning Board “We propose to abolish the National Patient Safety Agency” “The work of the Patient Safety Division relating to reporting and learning from serious patient safety incidents should move to the NHS Commissioning Board… … covering the whole function from getting evidence to working up evidence-based safe services.”

4. Time to Move On

5. Patient safety as an essential component of quality

6. ““… [we all] need to place the safety of patients at the forefront of the agenda in healthcare. Safety cannot be allowed to play second fiddle to other objectives that may emerge from time to time. It is the first objective.” Sir Ian Kennedy, Chairman Healthcare Commission Quality Safety Effectiveness Patient experience

7. Safety is not a minimum threshold – all services can and should strive to excellence in safety E. Risk management is an integral part of everything that we do D. We are always on the alert for risks that might emerge C. We have systems in place to manage all identified risks B. We do something when we have an incident A. Why waste our time on safety? PATHOLOGICAL REACTIVE BUREAUCRATIC PROACTIVE GENERATIVE The Manchester Patient Safety Assessment Framework

8. NHS Outcomes framework

9. The interplay between patient safety and clinical guidelines It is about the way we safely deliver care once the clinical decision on how to treat has been made – the clinical decision may be the right one but it is not a given that we will deliver it without error.

10. Understanding the National Reporting and Learning System NHS | Presentation to [XXXX Company] | [Type Date]

11. The National Reporting and Learning System (NRLS) www NHS net • The system collects • all types of incidents • from all care settings • from all specialties • from all staff groups Open Access E-Forms Local Risk Management System

12. National Reporting & Learning System NHS Trusts International Collaboration Australia USA Europe Standardised reporting NRLS Commissioners Practitioners & Staff CQC MHRA NHS Complaints NHS Litigation Authority Community Pharmacy multiples Patients Carers

13. NO HARM LOW MODERATE SEVERE DEATH NRLS definitions Prevented, not impacted on patient PATIENT SAFETY INCIDENT Any unintended or unexpected incident(s) which could have or did lead to harm for one or more persons receiving NHS funded care Good Catch Not prevented, but resulted in no harm Good Luck!

14. By 31 March 2012 7,070,261 reports had been reported. Approximately 3,700 incidents are reported to the NRLS per day. Around 94% of incidents cause low or no harm

15. NRLS limitations:very little reporting from general practice Chart 1: Proportion of incidents by care setting for incidents reported to the NRLS 2010/11

16. Patient safety incidents reported to the NRLS

17. All care settings: death and severe harm themes 2011/12

18. Searching by keywords: example • NICE Quality Standard for Bacterial meningitis and meningococcal septicaemia in children • Key word search for ‘mening*’ in free text of incident reports identified 182 relevant incidents, all clinically reviewed and themes summarised to inform the development of the Quality Standard

19. We need a trigger

20. Different solutions for different problems NHS | Presentation to [XXXX Company] | [Type Date]

21. Intended actions Unintended actions Education and training will not prevent slips and lapse or violations and we will constantly have new junior staff with knowledge gaps Routine Reasoned Reckless Malicious Violations Unsafe acts Rule & Knowledge Based errors Mistakes Skill based errors Memory or attention failures Slips & Lapses

22. Routine violations: campaigns to change culture and attitudes

23. Slips and lapses: make the right thing the easiest thing to do

24. Knowledge and rule based error: build in senior advice and empower patients

25. Patient Safety Reports for NICE QS

26. NHS | Presentation to [XXXX Company] | [Type Date] Local audit data • PCT audit of vaccine storage in GP practices shared with NPSA • Significant proportion of vaccines stored outside recommended temperature range • NRLS Searched • National guidance produced

27. Rapid but robust process: • NRLS search • Threshold criteria • Literature search • Topic expert advice • Patient and carer perspective • Formal consultation (100+) • ‘Still safe and relevant?’ reviews

28. Last words NHS | Presentation to [XXXX Company] | [Type Date]

29. The power is in the qualitative data • “…called to A wing…prisoner in cardiac arrest….had attended healthcare unit yesterday complaining of indigestion, given Gaviscon, no access to previous health records (recent transfer), in hindsight probably missed diagnosis of acute coronary syndrome…….” • “Terminally ill patient required switch to syringe driver as no longer able to take oral meds; only one community nurse on duty this Sunday for [large geographical area] and 17 urgent visits already on list; five hour delay causing much distress to patient and family”

30. Sepsis Report • Whole report based on 10 case studies • Power was not in the 37,000 deaths a year but in the human storey

31. Jill’s Storey

32. Wrong Patient

33. Thank you for listeningbruce.warner@nhs.net