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Hydraulic & Pneumatic Systems

Hydraulic & Pneumatic Systems. Laminar, Turbulent Flows & Streamlining. Fluid Dynamics. The factors that affect smooth or rough flow are part of the study of fluids in motion called fluid dynamics . As a fluid flows, the forces of attraction between the molecules cause internal friction .

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Hydraulic & Pneumatic Systems

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  1. Hydraulic & Pneumatic Systems Laminar, Turbulent Flows & Streamlining

  2. Fluid Dynamics • The factors that affect smooth or rough flow are part of the study of fluids in motion called fluid dynamics. • As a fluid flows, the forces of attraction between the molecules cause internal friction. • Viscosity is a measure of this resistance to the flow. It depends on the type and temperatureof the fluid.

  3. Laminar vs. Turbulent Flow • Laminar Flow: Fluid flow in which adjacent regions of fluid flow smoothly over one another. • Turbulent Flow: Fluid flow in which a disturbance resists the fluid’s motion. Results when fluids cannot move smoothly around or through an object. • Eddies: Areas of fluid disturbance (swirling)

  4. Eddies

  5. Streamlining • Drag: The forces that act against an object’s motion through a fluid. • Streamlining: The process of reducing the turbulence experienced by an object moving rapidly relative to a fluid. • Very important in designs of turbines, cars, planes and many other objects. • Studied using wind tunnels and computer simulations

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