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Semantic Technology

Semantic Technology. supporting science. Peter Mika / Dept. of Computer Science / Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam. Overview. Two systems One technology Many possibilities. flink. networks in science. Flink. Social network data collection, aggregation, storage and visualization

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Semantic Technology

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  1. Semantic Technology supporting science Peter Mika / Dept. of Computer Science / Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam

  2. Overview • Two systems • One technology • Many possibilities

  3. flink networks in science

  4. Flink • Social network data collection, aggregation, storage and visualization • Target: the Semantic Web community • Semantic Web technology • Ontology-based representation and reasoning • Try it • http://flink.semanticweb.org • Open source (in part) • Elmo API for Sesame • http://www.openrdf.org 1st prize @ Semantic Web Challenge, 2004

  5. Presentation and Analysis Representation, storage and reasoning Sesame Sesame Sesame Sesame Data acquisition Web FOAF profiles Emails Publications

  6. Browsing

  7. Subcommunities

  8. Associations between research topics

  9. Geographic visualization

  10. Network analysis

  11. Network measures vs. status vs. performance SWWS, ISWC chair (4) W3C co-chairs (2) Journal of Web Semantics (4) IEEE Intelligent Systems (3)

  12. openacademia metadata for the masses

  13. Metadata micro-management • Repository for small research groups • Software you can download and install • Distributed system (unlike CiteSeer, DBLP…) • Open source • As easy as… • Maintaining a BibTex/Endnote file for yourself • Optionally: filling out a form to create a personal/group profile • Instant gratification • For the researcher: publication list and RSS feed for homepage by adding a <LINK> tag and one line of JavaScript • For the group: reporting, dissemination on group homepage etc. • http://openacademia.org

  14. Pimp your homepage

  15. Query interface

  16. Applying the BibTex stylesheet

  17. We got tagclouds!

  18. And social networks.

  19. RSS feeds, live bookmarks

  20. Publication list for homepage

  21. Architecture Can be another openacademia server! Can be remote server! XSLT transformation to produce to produce HTML, BibTex etc.

  22. Semantic technologies

  23. The benefits: modelling & aggregation • Explicit • RDF/OWL allows to express and reason with what it means for two things to be the same (smushing) • Extendible • Designed to be distributed both in terms of schema and data • Mappings between different schemas can also be expressed in the language • Flexible • Mappings can be partial, robustness* • Standard • Standard languages (RDFS, OWL, SPARQL) • Standard vocabularies (DC, PRISM, SWRC) • Standard protocols (SPARQL)

  24. The drawbacks • Limited expressivity • e.g. complex inverse functional properties • e.g. swrc:page, prism:startingPage and prism:endingPage • Ontology-based interchange is still partly social engineering • Scalability

  25. What about Web 2.0?

  26. Folksonomies are ontologies • Large number of individual tagging actions result in the emergence of the semantics of tags • Lightweight, dynamic* ontologies • P. Mika. Ontologies are us: A unified model of social networks and semantics. In: Proceedings of the Fourth International Semantic Web Conference (ISWC 2005), Yolanda Gil, Enrico Motta, Richard V. Benjamins and M. A. Musen (eds.) , Lecture Notes in Computer Science no. 3729, page 122-136, Galway, Ireland, November, 2005

  27. Tagging • Tagging interests in flink, topics of publications in openacademia (also Connotea, CiteULike, bibsonomy etc.) • Tag interchange is problematic in general • flickr:ajax = del.icio.us:ajax ? • flick:ball:Peter = flick:ball:John ? • flick:ball:Peter:1990 = flick:ball:Peter:2006 ? • More flexible than controlled vocabularies • Tracks the evolution of the language better • Should work for scientific objects (publications, presentations etc.) • Users have the same object in mind when tagging, limited community (scientific jargon)

  28. Blogging, semantic wikis • openacademia imports comments about publications • Required: blog search (auto-discovery?) • Semantic wikis are promising • Metadata directly in RDF • Syntactic metadata for now (who commented on what, what time)

  29. P2P?

  30. Example: Bibster • P2P bibliography sharing system • Each peer has an RDF triple store with publication metadata • Advanced query routing based on semantic models of the content and user interests • Outcome of the EU IST project SWAP and winner of a number of awards, featured on Slashdot • No one uses it. • Software you install – and keep running

  31. openacademia p2p • Servers of research groups are networked • Web-based infrastructure openacademia.org/ servers.rdf VUA Stanford

  32. p2p spirit • flink and openacademia can be ‘edited’ by anyone • Create descriptions of publications, personal metadata, group and event definitions • Let our crawler find it

  33. future bright

  34. Trends • Changing form of publishing • Demise of the journal as distribution channel • Community reviewing • Demise of the journal as quality seal • The semantic conference • e.g. ESWC 2006 • In general: • More and more data • Increased connectedness of data sources • Productivity

  35. Publishers Libraries Who is involved? • Researchers Do you still read journals? Online repositories Do you still go to the library?

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