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Pertemuan 23 Syntatic Processing

Pertemuan 23 Syntatic Processing. Matakuliah : T0264/Intelijensia Semu Tahun : 2005 Versi : 1/0. Learning Outcomes. Pada akhir pertemuan ini, diharapkan mahasiswa akan mampu : << TIK-99 >> << TIK-99>>. Outline Materi. Materi 1 Materi 2 Materi 3 Materi 4 Materi 5. Roles.

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Pertemuan 23 Syntatic Processing

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  1. Pertemuan 23Syntatic Processing Matakuliah : T0264/Intelijensia Semu Tahun : 2005 Versi : 1/0

  2. Learning Outcomes Pada akhir pertemuan ini, diharapkan mahasiswa akan mampu : • << TIK-99 >> • << TIK-99>>

  3. Outline Materi • Materi 1 • Materi 2 • Materi 3 • Materi 4 • Materi 5

  4. Roles • Constraint the number of consti-tuents that semantic can consider. Since syntax is cheaper then semantics, this is cost effective. • Force syntactically required interpretations, for example in distinguishing the meanings of: • The satellite orbited Mars. • Mars orbited the satellite.

  5. Components • Grammar • Parser

  6. A Simple Grammar for a Fragment of English S  NP VP NP  the NP1 NP  PRO NP  PN NP  NP1 NP1  ADJS N ADJS  ADJ ADJS VP  V VP  V NP N  file NP  printer PN  Bill PRO  I ADJ  short  long  fast V  printed  created  want

  7. A Parse Tree for s Sentence

  8. Ambiguity Examples : “Have the students who missed the exam take it today.” ” Have the students who missed the exam taken it today ?” “ The horse raced past the barn fell down.”

  9. Parsing Strategies • Top-Down • Bottom-Up • All Paths • Best Path with Backtracking • Best Path with Patchup • Wait and See

  10. Unification Grammars • Purely declarative representations • Unification simultaneously performs two operations: • Matching • Structure building, by combining constituents • Think of graphs as sets not lists, i.e., order doesn’t matter.

  11. [CAT: DET LEX: the ] [CAT: N LEX: file NUMBER: SING] Unification Grammars contd’ • Lexical items as graphs: • Nonterminal constituents as graphs: [NP: [DET: the HEAD: file NUMBER: SING]

  12. [CONSTITUENT1: [CAT: DET LEX: {1}] [CONSTITUENT2: [CAT: N LEX: {2} NUMBER {3}] [BUILD: [NP: [DET: {1} HEAD: {2} NUMBER {3}]]] Unification Grammars contd’ • Grammar rules (e.g., NP  DET N) as graphs:

  13. End of Pertemuan 23

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