TONY HOCKINGS C CHEM MRSc MNZIC INTERNATIONAL PETROLEUM ANALYTICAL CHEMIST

1. TONY HOCKINGS C CHEM MRSc MNZIC INTERNATIONAL PETROLEUM ANALYTICAL CHEMIST

2. The Power Plus Tab Trial Sponsored by Environment Fuel Technologies Ltd EFT Ltd

3. Introduction by Tony Hockings CChem MRSC, MNZIC We have prepared this presentation in order to provide you with an in-site into the technology EFT have developed to enhance combustion efficiency, minimise pollution and maximise the fuel efficiency of New Zealand’s vehicles. I am a professional analytical chemist who has worked in the Petroleum Industry in Europe and NZ for the past 24 years. I have worked for Oil Companies and refineries in R & D and QC, I am a ‘Member of the Royal Institute of Chemistry’ and the New Zealand Institute. EFT Ltd

4. Introduction by Tony Hockings – cont. Over the past year I have been consulting with EFT establishing vehicle emission trial protocols for a controlled trial of their novel fuel additive, the Power Pill We have completed the initial phase of this trial and I am going to present the data we have gathered to date then draw some conclusions. EFT Ltd

5. Vehicle Trial Protocols The vehicle testing program was designed to monitor the effect of EFT Power Pill gasoline and diesel fuel additives on vehicle emissions and combustion efficiency in ‘real life’ New Zealand driving conditions. Anecdotal data, though compelling, has little scientific value and in order to validate the emission trial data we have gathered over recent months we have applied a rigorous set of testing protocols to our vehicle tests. Previous EFT Ltd

6. Vehicle Trial Protocols – cont. Used Petrol and gasoline vehicles were selected at random and tested as received with no un-scheduled servicing or tuning. All vehicle emission tests were completed by Zero Emissions Ltd, Browns Bay, Auckland. Zero Emissions testing equipment has been calibrated to traceable standards. Previous EFT Ltd

7. Vehicle Trial Protocols – cont. • The following trail protocols were developed and applied to the testing. • The test vehicle (with a less than 25% full fuel tank) is to be tested by Zero • Emissions to the protocols detailed below: • Gasoline Vehicle: • CO (Carbon Monoxide) Idle and High Idle • HC (Hydrocarbons) Idle and High Idle • CO2 (Carbon dioxide) Idle and High Idle • O2 (Oxygen) Idle and High Idle • Lambda Idle and High Idle • Diesel Vehicle: • Diesel Opacity Test - Average K value of 3 readings Previous EFT Ltd

8. Vehicle Trial Protocols – cont. • The fuel additive is to be added to the vehicle and the bonnet sealed with a numbered sticker. Photos are to be taken of the sticker and vehicle registration. (These photos may be used to validate the test date). Previous EFT Ltd

9. Vehicle Trial Protocols – cont. 3. The vehicle is to be filled with fuel from a major supplier (e.g. regular 91 octane from Shell) and a record kept of the type and volume of fuel and date purchased (invoices required). 4. The vehicle is to be driven the initial test mileage (to date tests have been completed between 19 – 2,127 Km) with fuel additive being added at each refuelling. Previous EFT Ltd

10. Vehicle Trial Protocols – cont. • The vehicle emissions are to be retested by Zero Emissions who will confirm that the bonnet sticker is intact and the bonnet has not been opened by initialling the certificate of compliance result sheet. • If extended testing is to be completed the bonnet will be re-sealed further mileage driven then the vehicle emissions retested by Zero Emissions who will reconfirm that the bonnet sticker is intact. Previous EFT Ltd

11. Vehicle Trial Protocols – cont. Each vehicle tested is to have an EFT Standard Operating Procedure sheet completed. This sheet contains the following details: Vehicle Details: Registration: Make: Model: Year: Odometer Reading Emission testing: Zero Emissions, Anzac Avenue, Browns Bay Initial Test: Date: Time: Odometer Reading: Result Printout attached Tablet dosing: Batch: Number of tablets: Date: Time: Odo: Sign: Fuelling Record: Fuel Source: Fuel Type: Pump: Litres: Sign Docket Retained Driving Comments:____________ Emission testing: Zero Emissions, Anzac Avenue, Browns Bay Second Test: Date: Time: Odometer Reading: Result Printout attached Further Testing:_____________ Previous EFT Ltd

12. Results of Diesel Vehicle Emission Testing 07-08 Each vehicle tested was tested by Zero Emissions of Browns Bay The Diesel Opacity Tests completed by Zero Emissions is an accepted test to determine the amount of pollution being emitted by an engine. The black smoke emitted by a diesel engine is made up of small particles of less than 10 micron that have been linked to cancer and respiratory diseases. The Opacity Test measures the amount of light blocked by the black smoke emitted by the engine. The amount of light blocked is indicated in units called the ‘k’ value. Previous EFT Ltd

13. Results of Diesel Vehicle Emission Testing 07-08 The Opacity Test is an excellent tool to ensure a diesel engine is properly maintained. The lower the K value the more efficiently the engine is operating. The test can be used to monitor improvement in fuel economy, reduce air pollution and protect the environment. The current European ‘Zero e2’ standard K maximum value is ‘3.5’ and the European ‘Zero e4’ standard K maximum value is ‘2.0’. Previous EFT Ltd

14. Results of Diesel Vehicle Trial Previous

16. Results of Diesel Vehicle Emission Testing 07-08 Seven vehicles have been tested to date. Testing has been completed at about 20Km and 350 Km after doping with the Power Pill. The average reduction in K value at 20Km testing is 14% The average reduction in K value at 350Km testing is 29% Although different vehicles have shown varying improvements all have shown a decrease in K value after additive treatment. Previous EFT Ltd

17. Results of Diesel Vehicle Emission Testing 07-08 How closely the percentage reduction in K value is related to percentage improvement in fuel efficiency is a subject for further testing. However significant reductions in K value will result in significant improvements in combustion efficiency and fuel economy. The light vehicle fleet makes up 93 per cent of New Zealand's total vehicle fleet of about 3 million vehicles. About 20% of these vehicles are diesel powered. A 20% - 30% decrease in smoke emissions with related increase in the engine efficiency of 600,000 vehicles would represent a real contribution to maintaining and improving the environment . Previous EFT Ltd

18. Results of Petrol Vehicle Emission Testing 07-08 5 measurements are made at two RPM’s to determine the amount of pollution being emitted by a petrol engine at idle and high idle. Two RPM’s are employed to measure the vehicles emissions when stationary in a traffic jam and when driving on the open road. The five measurements are: 1. Carbon dioxide (CO2) is produced when petrol is burnt. The higher the percentage of CO2 in the exhaust the more efficiently the engine is running. The normal level for CO2 emissions is 14.5 or higher. 2. Oxygen is burnt during combustion and is normally found at <0.5%. Higher levels indicate a problem. Previous EFT Ltd

19. Results of Petrol Vehicle Emission Testing 07-08 3. Carbon monoxide (CO) is produced as a result of incomplete combustion. The normal level is <0.5%, Higher levels indicate a problem. (The e2 std is <2.5% & the e4 std <0.5%). 4. Hydrocarbons are emitted as partially burn fuel. The lower the hydrocarbon emissions the better. Some hydrocarbons (PAH’s) are human carcinogens. (The e2 std is <300ppm & the e4 std <50ppm). 5. Lambda is a measurement of the ration of air-to-fuel present during combustion. A well tuned engine should have a reading between 0.95 (rich) and 1.05 (lean). (The e2 std is 0.90 – 1.10 & the e4 std 0.97 – 1.03). Previous EFT Ltd

20. Results of Petrol Vehicle Trial Previous

21. Results of Petrol Vehicle Emission Testing 07-08 Seven vehicles have been tested to date. Testing has been completed at mileages between 9Km and 2,127Km after doping with the Power Pill Carbon dioxide concentrations did not change significantly during the testing. Oxygen levels were generally low at <0.1% however a significant reduction in the oxygen concentrations. were seen for the Commodore during the extended 2,000km testing. Previous EFT Ltd

22. Results of Petrol Vehicle Emission Testing 07-08 Carbon monoxide levels were generally low at <0.1% however where concentrations of CO above 0.1% were determined these concentration trended downwards after doping for both the idle and high idle results. The lambda results were generally within expected limits and did not change significantly during the testing. Hydrocarbon concentration showed significant reductions during the testing. In two of the most significant results the Toyota Spacio idle values dropped from 126 to 11 ppmv and the Starlet from 180 to 106 ppmv. Previous EFT Ltd

23. Previous EFT Ltd

24. Further Work Planned It is planned to continue the vehicle testing program extending the testing to encompass fuel efficiency measurements and refine the test protocols taking into account the lessons learn to date. Recently acquired result data has just become available. We have completed a ‘reverse test’ trial on a Mitsubishi diesel that had been running on the Power Plus Tab fuel additive for about 10,000km. Previous EFT Ltd

25. Further Work Planned This vehicle was tested at 338,905km and a K value of 2.3 determined. The vehicle was then run on $20 amounts of diesel, allowing the tank to empty between fills for the next 750+km then retested at 339,680Km and a K value of 6.43 determined. The vehicle was then doped and tested at 339,700 (+20Km) and 340,211 (+511km) and the K value determined to be 3.55 and 3.30 consecutively and decrease of 46% & 49%. EFT will continue to use Zero Emissions Ltd as its testing partner. Previous EFT Ltd

26. Conclusions 1.The Power Pill has been shown delivered significant reductions in emissions from both petrol and diesel powered vehicles under controlled road test conditions. 2. A reduction in emissions indicates that the combustion process is operating more efficiently and greater combustion efficiency gives more power and improved fuel economy. Thank you for listening to this presentation END Previous EFT Ltd

27. Pollution Solution There are 3,500,000 vehicles in New Zealand Average kilometres per year is 18,000 Average kilometres per litre is 11 Total litres per year = 1600

28. Pollution Solution 1600 litres of fuel is released 8123kg carbon output Per Car Per Year

29. Pollution Solution 3,500,000 vehicles releases 28 Million Tons Equivalent to the weight of 311 Queen Victoria Cruise Ships Of Toxic Emissions Into Our Clean Green Environment EACH YEAR

30. Pollution Solution Carbon Monoxide is FATAL Nitrous components are POISONOUS Particulates are DEADLY All of things contribute to DEGENERATE DISEASES

31. Pollution Solution A 10% Reduction in Exhaust Emissions = 2.8 million TONS CLEANER AIR

32. Pollution Solution A 20% Reduction in Exhaust Emissions = 5.6 million TONS MORE CLEANER AIR

33. Pollution Solution A 30% Reduction in Exhaust Emissions = 8.4 million TONS Equivalent to the weight of 93 Queen Victoria Cruise Ships OUR POWER PILL TARGET