University of Toronto SOA Overview IBM WebSphere Software Platform for Integration

1. University of Toronto SOA OverviewIBM WebSphere Software Platform for Integration Glen McDougall, IBM Canada Ltd. Version=__01.UofT_SOAOverview_GlenMcDougall_2006Jan03_0900AM.ppt

2. University of Toronto SOA OverviewIBM WebSphere Software Platform for IntegrationSOA Evolution & Trends Glen McDougall, IBM Canada Ltd. Version=

3. Flexibility SOA builds flexibility on your current investments. . . The next stage of integration Service Orientated Integration Enterprise Application Integration (EAI) Messaging Backbone • Integration and choreography of services through an Enterprise Service Bus • Flexible connections with well defined, standards-based interfaces • EAI connects applications via a centralized hub • Easier to manage larger number of connections • Point-to-Point connection between applications • Simple, basic connectivity As Patterns Have Evolved, So Has IBM

4. Lack of business process standards Architectural policy limited Point application buys to support redundant LOB needs Infrastructure built with no roadmap What are the barriers to business flexibility and reuse?

5. University of Toronto SOA OverviewIBM WebSphere Software Platform for IntegrationSOA Business Drivers Glen McDougall, IBM Canada Ltd. Version=

6. What is the top focus of businesses? • 75% of CEOs place a high or very high priority on the ability to respond rapidly • Only 1 in 10 CEOs believe that their organization has the ability to be very responsive to react to changing market conditions Source: IBM Global CEO Survey, Feb 2004 “'We are being told that flexibility in business will be more important than operational efficiency.Overall, 62 per cent of respondents believe that we might be arriving at another age where we see the demise of some forms of business because they could not adapt fast enough.” –Bryan Glick, Computing 21 Sep 2004

7. What’s on the minds of 450 of the world’s leading CEOs? CEO needs CIO challenges • Revenue growth with cost containment • Key competency: responsiveness • Critical success factor:enable effectiveness of peopleand processes • Aligning IT and business goals to grow revenue and contain costs • Building responsiveness and agility into the organization through IT • How can IT help enable people and teams to be more effective Source: CEO Study of 456 WW CEOs, IBM Corp. 2004 Source: Operating Environment Market Drivers Study, IBM Corp. 2004

8. … Increase customer satisfaction Dassault Aviation reduced concept-to-runway development time by 30% British Petroleum decreased user-provisioning time from 5 days to 10 minutes Consistent imperatives …. … Grow faster • Bekins increased revenue by $75M through integration with business partners to serve a new market • PineBank increased customer traffic by 300% and revenues by $8M Flexibility … Spend less • Kookmin Bank should save $250 million from reduction of duplicate processes • Volkswagen realized a 20% productivity gain Efficiency Responsiveness

9. Why SOA now? • To keep pace with global competition: • “We are taking apart each task and sending it … to whomever can do it best, … and then we are reassembling all the pieces” from Thomas Friedman’s ‘The World is Flat’ • The standards and technology are finally in place, with broad industry support • Availability of best practices for effective governance • The necessary software to get started is available today

10. What differentiates SOA from claims like this in the past? • Broadly adopted Web services ensure well-defined interfaces. • Before, proprietary standards limited interoperability • Business and IT are united behind SOA (63% of projects today are driven by LOB)* • Before, communication channels & ‘vocabulary’ not in place Organizational Commitment Standards • SOA services focus on business-level activities & interactions • Before, focus was on narrow, technical sub-tasks • SOA services are linked dynamically and flexibly • Before, service interactions were hard-coded and dependent on the application • SOA services can be extensively re-used to leverage existing IT assets • Before, any reuse was within silo’ed applications Degree of Focus Connections Level of Reuse *Source: Cutter Benchmark Survey

11. SOA for business flexibility and reuse • More Flexibility • More Speed • More Efficiency • Better Services • Better Information • Increased Revenue • Reduced Cost • Lower Risk

12. University of Toronto SOA OverviewIBM WebSphere Software Platform for IntegrationSOA Concepts Glen McDougall, IBM Canada Ltd. Version=

13. Integratepeople, processes, and information Optimizeapplication infrastructure Extendyour reach Becoming an On Demand Business An On Demand Business is an enterprise whose business processes — integrated end-to-end across the company and with key partners, suppliers and customers — can respond with speed to any customer demand, market opportunity or external threat. Technology Infrastructure Align business models and strategic objectives Business and IT processes Business Design

14. Four Characteristics of On Demand • Integration • Providing the linkage between people, processes, and data • Open • Supporting a strong commitment to standards for OS, Language and Web Services/SOA • Virtualized • Providing a flexible Build-time and Runtime environment for developing and running applications across a highly distributed IT architecture • Autonomic • Self regulating … self healing … self maintaining

15. An approach for building distributed systems that allows tight correlation between the business model and the IT implementation. Characteristics: Represents business function as a service Shifts focus toapplication assembly rather than implementation details Allows individual software assets to become buildingblocks that can bereused in developing composite applications representing business processes Leverages open standards to represent software assets SOA: Service Oriented Architecture

16. SOA Definitions What is a service? A repeatable business task – e.g., check customer credit; open new account What is service orientation? A way of integrating your business as linked servicesand the outcomes that they bring What is service oriented architecture (SOA)? The IT architectural style that supports service orientation • What does SOA mean to business? • Business flexibility • Improved customer service • Lower costs and greater revenue

17. SOA Concepts • What is a service? • A coarse grained, self-contained entity that performs a distinct business function • What is a service description? • A standards based interface definition that is independent of the underlying implementation • What is service discovery? • Use of a service registry to access service interface descriptions at buildtime or runtime • How do services interact? • Through loosely-coupled, intermediated connections • What is service choreography? • Control of the execution sequence of services in ways that implement business processes • How are SOA solutions created and enhanced? • Using tools and middleware according to SOA principles

18. Flexible Business Models Transformation, Business Process Outsourcing, Mergers, Acquisitions & Divestitures Composable Processes (CBM) Component Business Modeling Requires Enables Flexible IT Architecture Software Development Integration Infrastructure Management Composable Services (SOA) Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) Development Infrastructure Management On Demand Operating Environment Flexible & Adaptable business models & supporting IT architectures…are required today for business survival

19. Three Key Concepts for the Foundation for On Demand • Build –Model Driven Architecture • A style of enterprise application development and integration based on using automated tools to build system independent models and transform them into efficient implementations1 • Run –Service Oriented Architecture • An approach for designing and implementing distributed systems that allows a tight correlation between the business model and the IT implementation • Manage –Business Performance Management • An approach to systems management that tightly links IT concerns with business process concerns 1 Source: Booch, et al, “An MDA Manifesto”, published in the MDA Journal, May 2004

20. ‘Coarse-Grained’ – Long Running, Interruptible, Compensation Transaction network Process Container State UOW2 Process UOW1 GUI Sync JCA External B2B Async JMS Legacy, Package Web Service ESB UOW1 UOW2 “Wrapped” Services & Implementations ‘Fine-Grained’ – Short-Running, non-Interruptible, ‘ACID’ XA Transaction SOA & Business Process Choreography Services Animation

21. B A Messaging Fundamentals • A single solution, with multi-platform APIs (JMS and MQI) • Easy to use message centric interface • Network independent • Faster application development • Assured message delivery • Exactly Once, Transactional • Loosely-coupled applications • Asynchronous messaging • Parallelism, Triggering • Scalable & Robust • Publish\Subscribe or Point to Point • Clustering, Large Messages • Pervasive

22. Augment the message • Warehouses the message • …and assure Transactional delivery!. • Examine the content of a message • Transform the content Message Broker Reformatted / Reshaped Message Transform message Transform Q2 Original Message Transformation Node Appl. B Appl. A Augment Augment message Output Nodes Augmented Message Input Node Q1 Appl. C Database Node Warehouse Q3 Content accessed from database Database Content WarehouseNode Warehoused Message + Message Broker -Transforms messages ‘in flight’ Delivers messages to the right place and in the right format.

23. Process Requirements Existing Components Process Modeling and Analysis Services InteractionGlue Deploy Participate Business ProcessManagement Infrastructure Optimize Manage Execution Monitor Analysis Business Modeling and Monitoring Solution

24. Key Concept: An integration of best practices in Modeling, Middleware, Metadata and Software Architecture Based on standard Models, Metadata Models, and Model Transformations Model Driven: (UML, MOF, CWM…) Platform Independent Business Models (PIM) Platform Specific Models (PSM) Mappings : PIM <==> PSM, PSM<==> PSM (Relative term!) Metadata Driven: (MOF, XSD, XMI) Key Benefits: Improved Productivity for Architects, Designers, Developers and Administrators Lower cost of Application Development and Management Enhanced Portability and Interoperability Business Models and Technologies evolve at own pace on platform(s) of choice MDA: Model Driven Architecture www.omg.org/mda

25. What are the core elements that SOA brings together? Coming together under Service Oriented Architecture Skills - assistance, and best practices Applications Industry know-how and best practices linked to business Flexible, robust infrastructure that reuses existing IT assets

26. The SOA Lifecycle .. For Flexible Business & IT • Discover • Construct & Test • Compose • Integrate people • Integrate processes • Manage and integrate information • Gather requirements • Model & Simulate • Design • Manage applications & services • Manage identity & compliance • Monitor business metrics • Financial transparency • Business/IT alignment • Process control

27. Introducing the IBM SOA Foundation Provides What You Need to Get Started with SOA IBM SOA Foundation: Integrated, open set of software, best practice, and patterns Supports complete lifecycle with a modular approach Extends value of your existing investments, regardless of vendor IBM SOA Foundation Software Scalable; start small and grow as fast as the business requires Extensive business and IT standards support; facilitating greater interoperability & portability Skills & Support Leveraging existing IT Infrastructure Custom Apps. CICS IMS

28. University of Toronto SOA OverviewIBM WebSphere Software Platform for IntegrationSOA Reference Architecture Glen McDougall, IBM Canada Ltd. Version=

29. People Integration Process Integration Information Integration Application Integration Application Infrastructure SOA Middleware Enables On Demand Flexibility Through a Set of Integration and Infrastructure Capabilities Accelerators Integrate people, processes and information Optimize application infrastructure Extend your reach

30. People Integration Interact with information, applications and business processes at any time from anywhere Customer Challenges Customer Benefits • Systems and applications users need are not all integrated nor easy to use • Mobile workers do not have access to information and applications they require in the field • Customer service centers costs are high because time is spent on routine tasks, rather than value add inquiries • Easy interaction with multiple processes and applications from a single access point • Secure mobile access to business applications and information • Automation of routine call center functions while improving customer experience and convenience Cut cost of customer service Enterprise Portal Mobile Access Voice\Conversational Access

31. Process Integration Optimize and integrate business processes to keep them in line with strategic goals Customer Challenges Customer Benefits • Inability to streamline business processes, meet regulations, at low cost. • Need to integrate people and applications in the business process • Unable to monitor, control & continuously improve business operations • Model, simulate and optimize business processes • Choreograph process activities across the organization • Monitor and manage process performance Process Modeling and Simulation Process Automation BAM & Process Management

32. Information Integration Access and manage information that is scattered throughout the enterprise and across the value chain Customer Challenges Customer Benefits • Both structured and unstructured information are spread across one or more enterprises in a variety of databases, packaged applications, master files, mainframes, etc. • Information gathering and review processes to coordinate multiple channels leveraging multiple customer touch points are lengthy • Business processes to access and manage product information span departments and/or enterprises • Manage and synchronize product reference information across the enterprise • Centralize structured and unstructured information from disparate sources for easy access and use by users such as merchandisers • Create a consistent, unified view of diverse data and content Global Data Synchronization Multi-channel Commerce Heterogeneous Information Integration

33. Application Integration Assure reliable and flexible information flow between diverse applications and organizations Customer Challenges Customer Benefits • Applications are not integrated in a flexible and reliable method across the enterprise, reducing business responsiveness • Differences between many internal and partner applications must be managed • Maintaining point to point or custom written integration interfaces is cost and time prohibitive • Reliably and seamlessly exchange data between multiple applications • Manage differences between multiple applications and business partners • Adopt an enterprise wide, flexible, service oriented approach to integration Application Connectivity Application and Partner Mediation Enterprise Integration Backbone Suppliers Customers

34. Application Infrastructure Build, deploy, integrate and enhance new and existing applications Customer Challenges Customer Benefits • High turnover and training costs due to antiquated applications • Unable to extend the business logic in legacy applications into new applications being developed • Unable to meet customer and competitive demands on infrastructure performance, scalability, and manageability • Quickly web-enable green-screen applications • Adapt legacy applications for use in new java environments • Deliver operational efficiency and enterprise Quality of Services (QoS) for a mixed-workload infrastructure Extending Legacy Applications into Web Infrastructure Building a Robust, Scalable, Secure, Application Infrastructure Modernizing the User Interface

35. Accelerators Pre-built capabilities and solution expertise to speed WebSphere implementations Customer Challenges Customer Benefits • Lack of experience / expertise leading to greater project risk, time and cost • Inefficient, disparate processes without re-usable components • Rising development costs with each new business functionality request • Pre-built capabilities reduce deployment time, effort and costs • Proven technology, architecture and best practices to decrease project risk • Buy vs. Build: out of the box capabilities save 7-10 times over customer built Cut cost of customer service Pre-Built Industry Specific Middleware Pre-Built Supply Chain Integration Pre-Built Sell-Side Processes Industry Middleware

36. Business Driven Development People Integration Process Integration Information Integration Business Performance Management Application Integration Application Infrastructure Infrastructure Management Robust Integration & Infrastructure Capabilities Connected in an Open, Flexible Manner Modularproduct portfolio built on open standards Functionally rich,adopted incrementally Simple to develop, deploy and manage Integratedrole-based tools for development & administration …utilizing common install, administration, security and programming model Accelerators

37. Model Assemble Manage Deploy Business Innovation & Optimization Services Facilitates better decision-making with real-time business information Interaction Services Process Services Information Services IT ServiceManagement DevelopmentServices Orchestrate and automate business processes Manages diverse data and content in a unified manner Enables collaboration between People, Processes & Information Facilitates communication between services ESB Manage & secure services, applications & resources Integrated environment for design & creation of solution assets Partner Services Business App Services Access Services Connect with trading partners Facilitates interactions with existing information & application assets Build on a robust, scaleable, and secure services environment Apps & Info Assets Infrastructure Services Optimizes throughput, availability and performance SOA Reference Architecture

38. Business Innovation & Optimization Services Business Modeling Business Monitoring Business Dashboards DevelopmentServices IT ServiceManagement Interaction Services Process Services Information Services Master Data Management Ad hoc composition Service Choreography User Integration Business Rules Information Integration Device Integration Staff Data Management Security Build Interoperability Registry Mediation ESB Policy Deployment Business App Services Partner Services Access Services IT Monitoring Asset Mgmt. Partner Management Component Service Enablement Protocol Data Object Discovery Document Handling Event Capture Edge Infrastructure Services Workload Management High Availability Virtualization SOA Reference ArchitectureComprehensive services in support of your SOA

39. How Application Server, ESB, and Process Engine fit together “Process Engine” Choreography “Enterprise Message Bus (ESB) & Message Broker” Mediation “Clustered Application Server” Clustering “Application Server” App Server

40. University of Toronto SOA OverviewIBM WebSphere Software Platform for IntegrationMoving to SOA Glen McDougall, IBM Canada Ltd. Version=

41. Getting To SOA Optimize Business Domain IT Domain On Demand Transformation On Demand Transformation Automate Effectiveness Composite Applications Integrate Efficiency Interactions Connect Connections Tasks

42. Moving to Services-Oriented Solutions Business Process Layer • Cross Functional End-to-end Sales Order Process Service Layer • How do you connect sales to customers? Product Sales Customer Employee SAP Application Layer • Applications, Components, Software • How do you connect SAP to Siebel? Finance Outlook Siebel PeopleSoft Dir .NET Linux MQ Technology Layer • Hardware, Network • How do you connect J2EE to .NET? OS/390 J2EE Unix DB2 Source: CBDi Forum, http://www.cbdiforum.com

43. Billing System Order System Inventory Mgmt Customer Records SOA in Practice Business Process Stock Out Action (Staff Activity) Not In Stock Order Request • may be long running • multiple validprocess states • alternative workflows for non-normal conds and/or compensation for exception management Check Inventory ATP/Delivery In Stock Allocate Stock Business Transaction Validate Request Process Action Validate Product Request Valid • short term, non-interactive • one change of business state or STP • consumes one or more function service • targeted level of service reuse • loose coupling very important • may require compensating transactions Process Action Invalid Function Service Authorization Service Order Service Billing Service • collaborations to implement a single FS • collaborating apps encapsulated via FS(s) Product Service Product Information

44. Channel B2B B2C Consumers Business Process Composition; choreography; business state machines Service Consumer Services Atomic and Composite QoS Layer (Security, Management & Monitoring Infrastructure Services) Data Architecture (meta-data) & Business Intelligence Integration (Enterprise Service Bus) Governance Service Components Service Provider OO Application Custom Application Packaged Application Operational Systems Atomic Service Composite Service Registry SOA Solution Abstraction Layering . . . Leveraging the SOA Reference Architecture

45. Turn this… …into this. Service Service Service Service Service Service Service Service Interface Interface Interface Interface Interface Interface Interface Interface Interface Interface Interface Interface Interface Interface Enterprise Service Bus Service Service Service Service Service Service Service Service • Decouples the point-to-point connections from the interfaces • Allows for dynamic selection, substitution, and matching • Enables more flexible coupling and decoupling of the applications • Enables you to find both the applications and the interfaces for re-use RESULT  Greater Business Responsiveness Loose Coupling is enabled by an “ESB”

46. University of Toronto SOA OverviewIBM WebSphere Software Platform for IntegrationSOA Governance Glen McDougall, IBM Canada Ltd. Version=

47. Governance and Process SOA Center of Excellence Rational Unified Process (RUP) IT Infrastructure Library (ITIL) IBM SOA Foundation Software Skills & Support SOA Foundation is more than just software Education • Introduction to Value and Governance Model of SOA • Web services for managers • Technologies and Standards for SOA Project Implementation • Design SOA Solutions and Apply Governance Best Practices • SOA-Related IP • Patterns • Redbooks • Engagement Experience

48. SOA requires effective IT Governance • Increasing Share Price Professional investors are willing to pay premiums of 18-26% for stock in firms with high governance • Increasing Profits “Top performing enterprises succeed where others fail by implementing effective IT governance to support their strategies. For example, firms with above-average IT governance following a specific strategy (for example, customer intimacy) had more than 20 percent higher profits than firms with poor governance following the same strategy.” • Increasing Market Value “On average, when moving from poorest to best on corporate governance, firms could expect an increase of 10 to 12 percent in market value.” “Effective IT Governance is the single most important predictor of value an organization generates from IT.” MIT Sloan School of Mgmt. Source: MIT Sloan School of Mgmt.

49. Governance comes from the root word “Govern”. Governance is the structure of relationships and processes to directand to controlthe SOA components in order to achieve the enterprise’s goals by adding value while balancing risk versus return People Services Technology Processes What do you really mean by SOA Governance … The focus of SOA is the Services Model The governance model defines: • What has to be done? • How is it done? • Who has the authority to do it? • How is it measured?

50. Apply the SOA Governance processes to the end-to-end management of the service lifecycle Service management SLA Capacity and Performance Security Monitoring Funding Service Domains Categorization of Services Roles and responsibilities Services Ownership and Domains Operational Life-cycle Management Governance Service Oriented Development Lifecycle Identification and Maturity of Services Service Assembly and Deployment Change Management