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Types of Governments

Explore various forms of governments from anarchy to dictatorship, including examples like monarchy, totalitarianism, and democracy. Learn about federalism, republicanism, oligarchy, theocracy, and more.

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Types of Governments

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  1. Types of Governments

  2. Anarchy • Absence of Government – Complete Chaos • Each individual has absolute liberty & freedom

  3. Anarchy Examples • France after the French Revolution • Somalia, 1991-present

  4. Autocracy • Power held by a single, self-appointed ruler (Emperor or King) • Similar to a tyrant or dictator Examples: Iran, Syria, Saudi Arabia

  5. Theocracy • “Rule by God” or a higher power • Based on religion

  6. Theocracy Examples • Moses and the Israelites • Muhammad and early Muslims • Afghanistan under Taliban rule

  7. Oligarchy • “Rule of the Few” • A small group run the government

  8. Oligarchy • Ancient Sparta • South Africa during Apartheid

  9. Monarchy Monarch- Rule by a King or Queen • Limited: restrictions on power-- Constitutional Monarchy- Example: Great Britain • Absolute: NO restrictions -Headed by a Monarch

  10. Monarchy • Kings and Queens • Great Britain, Spain, Japan are Constitutional Monarchies; limited monarchies • Louis XIV of France was an absolute monarch • Russian czars were also absolute monarchs

  11. Totalitarianism • The state regulates nearly every aspect of public and private life • Opposition is not permitted

  12. Totalitarianism • Nazi Germany under Adolf Hitler • Fascist Italy under Benito Mussolini • Communist USSR • North Korea, China, and Cuba

  13. Dictatorship • Ruler with absolute power, not passed down by a family • Make laws without a legislature; their word is law *Can also be an autocracy if the dictatorship is under one individual

  14. Dictatorship • Iraq under Saddam Hussein • Julius Caesar in Ancient Rome

  15. Aristocracy • “Rule of the Best” • Power maintained by the upper classes • Elite keeps the status quo, no social mobility

  16. Aristocracy • Nobility during the Middle Ages

  17. Democracy • “Rule by the People” • Members enjoy freedoms and liberties • Have a voice in Government • Direct: all citizens vote on all issues • Representative: citizens elect representatives to make laws

  18. Democracy • Ancient Athens was an example of direct democracy • Also, New England town meetings • US is a representative democracy

  19. Federalism • Power is shared between a national government and state governments

  20. Federalism • United States • National Level • State Level • Local Level

  21. Republicanism • A country not led by a monarch where people have an impact on government • Elect representatives to govern and make laws on their behalf

  22. Republicanism • Many different types, US is also a republic • Federal constitutional presidential republic

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