Windows Printing

1. Windows Printing

2. Objectives You will be able to • Output text and graphics to a printer. • Print multipage documents. • Use the standard Windows print dialog. • Provide a Print Preview function in your programs.

3. Printing Not in our text. Covered in Professional C# 2008 Christian Nagel, et al. Wrox 2008 ISBN 978-0-470-19137-8

4. Printing • Printing in Windows is similar to drawing on the screen with GDI+. • You draw on a page just like you draw on a Windows form. • But there are some differences: • The printed page has a fixed size. • Scroll bars don’t work!

5. Getting Started • We will look at simple examples. • Concepts scale up to realistic cases. • Create a new Windows Forms project: • Print_Demo

6. Print Command • Windows programs typically include a Print command in the File menu. • Disabled until there is something to print.

7. Add a MenuStrip

8. Add a Print Command

9. Printing To print in a Windows application you need a PrintDocument object. • In designer mode Drag from the toolbox and drop on the form • PrintDocument1 appears in the component tray. • You can also create a PrintDocument object programatically.

10. Add a PrintDocument

11. Printing • Print operations are done in an event handler for the PrintPage event. • To initiate printing, call the Print() method of your PrintDocument control • Example: printDocument1.Print(); • Typically this is done in the click event handler for a Print command in the File menu. • Results in a PrintPage event.

12. Print Command Double click on the Print command to add an event handler.

13. Print Command Event Handler

14. Printing • The actual output is done in an event handler for the PrintPage event of the PrintDocument. • In design mode • Right click on the PrintDocument control (in the component tray) to open its Properties window • Click on the Events icon (lightening bolt) to display applicable events • Beside “PrintPage” type the name that you want to give to your PrintPage event handler. • Or just double click. • Visual Studio creates a stub event handler and opens the edit window at that point.

15. Adding a PrintPage Event Handler

16. PrintPage Event Handler • Or, the easy way – • Just double click on the PrintDocument control in the component tray. • An event handler stub will be generated with a default name based on the name of the PrintDocument

17. PrintPage Event Handler private void printToolStripMenuItem_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { } Automatically generated stub for the PrintDocument PrintPage handler private void printDocument1_PrintPage(object sender, System.Drawing.Printing.PrintPageEventArgs e) { } Enter your print statements here.

18. PrintPage Event Handler • Using default name for the PrintDocument, you get: private void printDocument1_PrintPage(object sender, System.Drawing.Printing.PrintPageEventArgs e) { }

19. How to output to the printer • Outputing to a printed page is exactly the same as drawing on a form. • You get a Graphics object in an argument to the PrintPage event handler. • Use this Graphics object for any drawing operation. • Upon exit from the event handler, whatever was drawn is sent to the printer as a single page. • Default printer unless you say otherwise

20. Printing Example This argument includes the Graphics object that you use to do output to the printer. private void PrintPage (object sender, System.Drawing.Printing.PrintPageEventArgs e) { Font myFont = new Font("Arial", 24); e.Graphics.DrawString ("Hello, World!", myFont, Brushes.Black, 30, 30); } (X,Y) coordinates for where on page to start the string

21. How to get a PrintPage event • In order to get a PrintPage event call PrintDocument.Print()

22. The Command Click Handler private void printToolStripMenuItem_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { printDocument1.Print(); }

23. Which Printer • Unless we say otherwise, this will print on the default printer. • Normally can be set via the Control Panel.

24. Setting the Default Printer

25. The Printed Page

26. Printing Graphics • Anything that you can draw on the screen with GDI+ can also be printed. • Using exactly the same statements. • The same code is used to draw on the screen and to print. • Different Graphics objects determine which is done. • http://www.cse.usf.edu/~turnerr/Software_Systems_Development/Downloads/2011_03_08_Windows_Printing/ PrintPage.cpp.txt

27. private void PrintPage(object sender, System.Drawing.Printing.PrintPageEventArgs e) { Font myFont = new Font("Arial", 12); Rectangle boundingRect = new Rectangle (220, 20, 70, 200); e.Graphics.DrawString ( "The quick brown fox jumped over the lazy dog's back.", myFont, SystemBrushes.WindowText, boundingRect); e.Graphics.DrawRectangle (SystemPens.WindowText, boundingRect); Point topLeft = new Point (20, 20); Point bottomRight = new Point (200, 200); e.Graphics.DrawLine (SystemPens.WindowText, topLeft, bottomRight); Pen redPen = new Pen(Color.Red, 4); // Create rectangle for ellipse. Rectangle rect = new Rectangle( 50, 50, 200, 100); // Draw ellipse to screen. e.Graphics.DrawEllipse(redPen, rect); }

28. Here is the result Upper left hand corner of page

29. Printing an Image • Just like drawing on the screen. • Add an image to the project as an embedded resource.

30. Printing an Image String resource_name = @"Print_Demo.USF_Bull_small.jpg"; System.Reflection.Assembly a = System.Reflection.Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly(); System.IO.Stream s = a.GetManifestResourceStream(resource_name); Image bull = Image.FromStream(s); Point p = new Point(100, 100); e.Graphics.DrawImage(bull, p); Project Name

31. Multiple Pages What if you want to print more than one page? • It’s a little more complicated. • The program must print one page at a time on successive PrintPage events. • Paginate the document. • Signal the system that you have more pages to print. • Keep track of where you are in your output.

32. Multipage Output • To tell the system you have more pages to print, in the PrintPage event handler say: e.HasMorePages = true; • When printing the final page, say e.HasMorePages = false;

33. Multipage Output • There will be a separate call to the PrintPage event handler for each page. • Keeps happening as long as you set e.HasMorePages to true • You have to keep track of where you are in your output. • Cannot use a local variable in PrintPage event handler. • Class member variable in the form class.

34. Multipage Output private int Next_Page; private int Number_of_Pages; private void printToolStripMenuItem_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e) { Next_Page = 1; Number_of_Pages = 3; printDocument1.Print(); } private void printDocument1_PrintPage(object sender, System.Drawing.Printing.PrintPageEventArgs e) { String Output_Line = "This is page " + Next_Page.ToString(); Font myFont = new Font("Arial", 24); e.Graphics.DrawString(Output_Line, myFont, Brushes.Black, 30, 30); Next_Page++; e.HasMorePages = Next_Page <= Number_of_Pages; }

35. Keep in mind • You have to say exactly where to put each line of text on the page. • There is no “new line” concept. • When outputting multiple lines per page • Keep track of vertical position. • Know where you are relative to the margins. • Output page and start a new one as necessary.

36. Going to a New Line • Class Font has a “Height” property • How far to move down for a new line. • Suppose Point p is the current output position, and you are using Font f. • For new line: • Add f.Height to p.Y. • Reset p.X to left margin.

37. Multipage Output How do you tell the printer to output another page in a multipage document? • Return from the PrintPage event handler. • The PrintPage event handler will be called again and again for successive pages until you set e.HasMorePages to false

38. Margins • e.MarginBounds • Rectangle • Specifies coordinates of normal printing area • e.PageBounds • Rectangle • Specifies coordinates of physical printing area

39. Configuring Printing The Windows Standard Print Dialog

40. Using a PrintDialog • Drag the PrintDialog component from the tool box to the form. • PrintDialog1 appears in the component tray. • Right click and select properties. • Set its Document property to your PrintDocument • Before calling PrintDocument.Print() call PrintDialog1.ShowDialog()

41. Using a PrintDialog

42. Right click and select Properties. Select Document. Setting PrintDialog Document Property

43. Print Dialog • The Cancel button in the PrintDialog does not automatically prevent printing. • You have to check the result returned by ShowDialog() private void printToolStripMenuItem_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { if (printDialog1.ShowDialog() == DialogResult.OK) { Next_Page = 1; Number_of_Pages = 3; printDocument1.Print(); } }

44. PrintDialog Settings • Set before calling ShowDialog printDialog1.AllowSelection = false; printDialog1.AllowSomePages = true; printDialog1.PrinterSettings.MinimumPage = 1; printDialog1.PrinterSettings.MaximumPage = Number_of_Pages; printDialog1.PrinterSettings.FromPage = 1; printDialog1.PrinterSettings.ToPage = Number_of_Pages;

45. PrintDialog Settings Upon return from ShowDialog: • Use FromPage and ToPage to control range of pages printed

46. Using a PrintDialog private void printToolStripMenuItem_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { Number_of_Pages = 3; printDialog1.AllowSelection = false; printDialog1.AllowSomePages = true; printDialog1.PrinterSettings.MinimumPage = 1; printDialog1.PrinterSettings.MaximumPage = Number_of_Pages; printDialog1.PrinterSettings.FromPage = 1; printDialog1.PrinterSettings.ToPage = Number_of_Pages; if (printDialog1.ShowDialog() == DialogResult.OK) { Next_Page = printDialog1.PrinterSettings.FromPage; printDocument1.Print(); } }

47. Using a PrintDialog private void printDocument1_PrintPage(object sender, System.Drawing.Printing.PrintPageEventArgs e) { String Output_Line = "This is page " + Next_Page.ToString(); Font myFont = new Font("Arial", 24); e.Graphics.DrawString(Output_Line, myFont, Brushes.Black, 30, 30); Next_Page++; e.HasMorePages = current_print_page_number <= printDialog1.PrinterSettings.ToPage; }

48. Print Preview • Lets the user see an image of the printed output on the screen before printing. • Avoid wasting paper! • Very easy to do! • Once we have the basic printing functionality.

49. The PrintPreview Dialog • Will create the dialog programatically. • Setting the dialog’s Document property to printDocument1 works like calling printDocument1’s Print() method

50. Add a Print Preview Command Double click on Print Preview command to add event handler.