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Brain magnetic resonance imaging with contrast dependent on blood oxygenation

Brain magnetic resonance imaging with contrast dependent on blood oxygenation. S. Ogawa, T. M. Lee, A. R. Kay, and D. W. Tank Presented by Patrick Wu and Amanda Mok December 2, 2010 Department of Biological Engineering, MIT. Motivation.

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Brain magnetic resonance imaging with contrast dependent on blood oxygenation

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  1. Brain magnetic resonance imaging with contrast dependent on blood oxygenation • S. Ogawa, T. M. Lee, A. R. Kay, and D. W. Tank • Presented by Patrick Wu and Amanda Mok • December 2, 2010 • Department of Biological Engineering, MIT

  2. Motivation • Previous uses of MRI limited to provide anatomical information • Interest in biological function such as blood oxygenation • Investigate BOLD (blood oxygenation level-dependent) contrast

  3. local magnetic field changes decrease T2 relaxation time gradient echo MRI TAKE HOME MESSAGE: Deoxyhemoglobin = DARKER! oxyhemoglobin (diamagnetic) artery deoxyhemoglobin (paramagnetic) vein decrease in signal intensity Background

  4. Methods • vary blood [CO2] • vary blood [glucose] • vary brain activity

  5. Experiment 1: vary blood [CO2] • Rats anesthetized with urethane • (a) inhalant gas 100% O2 • (b) rat inhalant gas 90% O2, 10% CO2

  6. Experiment 2: vary blood [glucose] • Rats anesthetized with urethane, (50% O2, 50% N2) • (a) scanned immediately after insulin injection • (b) scanned at low glucose levels • (c) scanned after restoration of glucose levels by mannose injection

  7. Experiment 3: vary brain activity (a) 0.75% halothane in O2 (b) 3% halothane in O2 (c) vented with 100% N2

  8. Conclusions and Applications • BOLD contrast established in MRI • Can be used to measure brain activity • Endogenous contrast agent (alternative to PET) • Can also be used study iron-containing systems such as spleen, liver, bone marrow • Basis for fMRI technology

  9. References • Ogawa et al. “Brain magnetic resonance imaging with contrast dependent on blood oxygenation.” Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 87 (1990): 9868-9872.

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