Waste Management Techniques for Residential Buildings

1. Grinding: This process gained such wide acceptance in the last50 years specially in new residential building where dwelling are equipped with grinders. It more used in progress country. It is used for grinding garbage (food waste) to render them passing and transporting in sewers and then treated in sewage treatment plant (as organiccomponent). Garbage grinding has an impact onthe quality of S.W collected, less density less moisture content, less putriscible and odors, less attraction to rates, flies, andinsects. It is impact on collection activities affect the collection frequency and reduce leachate and odor, for incineration more acceptable. In sanitary L.f less problemsalso. It may cause some problems to sewarage system settling and cloggin of sewer, add more organic to existing sewage treat works. Compaction: Compaction of S.W is used mainly to reduce volume to affect collection and disposal activities on site it help in reducing storage container capacity ( No. ofcontainer and volumes). Compaction can be accomplished manually ormechanically.

2. Small compactors designed for home use with compaction ratio of loose paper and cardboard up to 70 % reduction in volume. • Mechanical compactors (Stationary or portable) available can be used in multi story building in basements or service areas to compact S.W in thecontainers. • Compaction may have negative effects on subsequent process operation such as in municipal incinerators where S.W (compacted) must be broken up before fed intoincinerator. • Waste become saturated with moisture presents in garbage specially paper and cardboard where their recovery may become no feasible. • Incineration: • Burning of combustible material in fire places and burning rubbish in crude backyardincinerators. • The use of home incinerator may reduced both putriscible components and the total volume ofS.W. • Incineration on site may be a source of fire hazard, and also it is a source of airpollution. • In high rise building, incinerators are of twotypes: • Flue fed : in which S.W are charged through doors on each floor directly into the refractory flue, the bottom open directly in to the top of the furnace combustion chamber.

3. Chute fed types: waste disposed in to the chute from each floor collected into the basement hopper, and then transported to the furnace of theincinerator. Compositing: considered as a mean of recycling organic matter reduction in volume, altering physical and chemical composition, through which production of useful by product used as organicfertilizer. Shredding of S.W: are alteration processing operations used both in conjunction with the previous methods for reducing the volume of waste. On site handing, storage and processing ( specialcases) Hospital wastes: segregation of contaminated wastes and non contaminated wastes. Contaminated wastes in hospitalsinclude Blood, syringes, needles, urine and pathological. These should be picked up and stored in special containers and location, then disposed by high temperature incinerators and the residue canbe collected with otherwastes. Hard services areas: densely populated area usually in old parts of the city when narrowstreets. Small Vehicles for collection of wastes from different dwellings and move it to a transfer area a close to broadstreet

4. where a roll-off bins in which waste are loaded weighting transportation or loaded in collection vehicles to L.Fsite. The solutions to prevents over floware: Use morecontainer. Use larger volume container. (not too heavy to behandled). Deliver wastes to disposal sits more often or more collection frequency. Use compactors to squeeze more wastes in to a givenvolume.