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6.3 Metamorphic Rocks

6.3 Metamorphic Rocks. Metamorphic Rock. Meta means change Morphe means form A metamorphic rock forms when high temperature and pressure combine and change the texture, mineral composition or chemical composition of a rock without melting it. Metamorphic Textures.

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6.3 Metamorphic Rocks

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  1. 6.3 Metamorphic Rocks

  2. Metamorphic Rock • Meta means change • Morphe means form • A metamorphic rock forms when high temperature and pressure combine and change the texture, mineral composition or chemical composition of a rock without melting it

  3. Metamorphic Textures • Metamorphic Rocks are classified into two textural groups • Foliated- layers and bands (left) • Nonfoliated- blocky crystal shapes (right)

  4. Grades of Metamorphism • Low-grade metamorphism is associated with low temperatures and pressures • High-grade metamorphism is associated with high temperatures and pressures

  5. Types of Metamorphic Rock • Regional Metamorphism • Contact Metamorphism • Hydrothermal Metamorphism

  6. Regional Metamorphism • When a large belt regionally has metamorphed • Results include changes in mineral and rock types, plus folding and deformation of rock layers • Mountains can be an example of regional metamorphism

  7. Contact Metamorphism • When molten material (like an igneous intrusion) comes into contact with solid rock contact metamorphism has occurred • Lava cools so contact metamorphism from lava occurs most near the lava • As the distance from an intrusion increases it is harder for contact metamorphism to occur since the temperature has dropped

  8. Hydrothermal Metamorphism • When hot water reacts with rock and alters its chemical and mineral composition hydrothermal metamorphism has occurred • Ore deposits of gold, copper, zinc, tungsten and lead are formed in this manner

  9. Economic Importance of Metamorphic Rocks and Minerals • Metamorphism of ultrabasic igneous rocks produce the minerals talc and asbestos • Graphite can be formed by the metamorphism of coal

  10. The Rock Cycle • The three types of rocks: igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic are grouped based on how they form • Igneous = crystallize from magma • Sedimentary = cemented or precipitated sediments • Metamorphic = changes in temperature and pressure

  11. The Rock Cycle Continued • Once a rock forms does it remain the same? Maybe but quite possibly it changes into a different rock. • Heat and pressure can change an igneous rock into a metamorphic rock • A metamorphic rock can break into sediments that become cemented into a sedimentary rock

  12. Remember the Rock Cycle Lab? • When the rock was in the form of a sugar cube it was an example of a _________________ • Then, the rock was crushed and melted. This is an example of a _____________ rock after it cooled. • What could have represented a metamorphic rock in that situation?

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