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Greek Archaic Age: The Age of the Polis

Explore the transition from the Greek Dark Ages to the Archaic Age, focusing on the rise of the Polis, early government developments, social reforms, and the shift towards democracy. Learn about key figures, cultural shifts, and foundational elements that shaped Greek society during this transformative period.

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Greek Archaic Age: The Age of the Polis

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  1. 750 BC- 500 BC Greek Archaic Age:The Age of the Polis

  2. Dark Age 1200-750 BC • Loss of writing and art • Colonization vs. migration • Future population layout • Ethos: kinship relations • Villages and Demos • State vs Urbanization • Basileus • Heroic reflection of the past • Homer • Mix of Mycenaean and Dark Age

  3. End of the Dark Ages: “Greek Renaissance” • Set foundation for the Archaic Age 750-700 BC • Rapid population growth • Trade • Colonization • Art • Writing • Panhellenic Festivals • Polis

  4. End of the Greek Dark Age • Rapid Population Growth • Trade • Writing • Panhellenic Festivals

  5. Colonization • Increase in amount • Reasons: • Land shortage • Trade • Rules: • Loyalty to metropolis • Results: • Art • Writing

  6. Archaic Age: Art • 750-500 BC and precedes Classical Age • Sources: • Herodotus, Aristotle, Plutarch • “Old Art”

  7. The Evolution of the Polis: • Wanax and Pa-si-re-u • Mycenaean Leaders • Basileus • Dark Age and Archaic administration official • Dark Age villages • Demos • Dark Age concept of a polis with surrounding territory • Polis • City-state. A city with a couple out-lying villages. • Members called politai

  8. Archaic Age: Characteristics of the Polis • City-State: Urban area with political authority which includes surrounding territory • Origins • Physical Characteristics • Political Characteristics • Men, Women, Metics, Slaves • Origins of equality

  9. Development of Early Greek Government • Major sources: Aristotle, Herodotus, Thucydides, Pausanias, Plutarch • Oligarchy • Rule by the few • Archon: chief officer • Polemarch: lesser officials (military commander) • Boule: • Council of Elders (Athens called Areopagus) • Popular Assembly

  10. Impetus for Democracy Reforms:Social Conflict • Aristocrats: 20% of population controlled most land • Middle Class 50% • Poor famers: 33% • Thetes Status: those working for another man • The people in Greece wanted more equality • Redistribution of land • More government participation • Hoplites, the Phalanx and light-armed troops

  11. Hoplites and Phalanx

  12. Tyranny:Steps to democracy • 650-510 BC • Tyrant: Greek dictator • Aristocrat who champions the poor • Charismatic leaders who championed the causes of the poor • Major cultural and economic reforms • Never lasted long • The freedom the poor gained under tyranny took power away from the Oligarchy

  13. Sparta

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