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This video presents an analysis of the video game industry using complex network models. It explores visual and numerical network representations, discusses the changes in the organization of the industry in the last 20 years, and evaluates the consoles, game titles, producers, and developers. The video also showcases the data collection process and provides insights into data analysis techniques.
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Presented By Tony Morelli Video Game Industry modeled by complex networks
Outline • Intro/Problem Description Summary • Visual Network Representations • Numerical Network Representations • Questions/Comments
INTRO • Has the organization of the video game industry changed in the last 20 years? • Consoles • Game Titles • Producers • Developers
INTRO • Related Work Showed • Graphical Analysis is good • Both Colors and Size are important
INTRO • Related Work Showed • Numerical Analysis is Good • Clustering Coefficient • Degree Distribution • Expansion
Network Topologies, Power Laws, and Hierarchy • Analyzed internet topology generators • Metrics • Expansion • “The average fraction of nodes in the graph that fall within a ball of radius r, centered at a node in the topology
Comparison of Translations • How accurate are software based translators? • Portuguese->Spanish->English • Clustering Coefficient, Out Degree
Consoles to Analyze • Group A – Classic Consoles • Atari 2600 (1977) • Nintendo Entertainment System (1983) • Sega Master System (1985)
Consoles to Analyze • Group B – Current Consoles • XBOX 360 (2005) • Playstation 3 (2006) • Nintendo Wii (2006)
Problem • Not evaluating enough consoles • Suggestion – Evaluate all consoles from Atari 2600 and forward
Enhanced problem • Still want to organize by generations • Need to group all consoles by generation
Generation 1 • Atari 2600 • Nintendo Entertainment System • Sega Master System
Generation 2 • Super Nintendo (1990)
Generation 2 • Super Nintendo (1990) • Turbo Grafx 16 (1989)
Generation 2 • Super Nintendo (1990) • Turbo Grafx 16 (1989) • Sega Genesis (1989)
Generation 3 • N64 (1996)
Generation 3 • N64 (1996) • Playstation (1994)
Generation 3 • N64 (1996) • Playstation (1994) • Sega Saturn (1995)
Generation 4 • GameCube (2001)
Generation 4 • GameCube (2001) • Xbox (2001)
Generation 4 • GameCube (2001) • Xbox (2001) • Playstation 2 (2000)
Generation 5 • Playstation 3 • Xbox 360 • Nintendo Wii
Suggestions not used • Total Sales for each title • Data is not available • Cross development • Developers/publishers that work on multiple platforms • My goal is to average statistics for each generation separately. • Data is not consistent in naming conventions • Would need to do a lot of editing by hand
How to analyze video game networks? • Collect Data • Use Software Tools • Create Tools where existing tools are not good enough • Present the data
Data Collection • Need to obtain • Title • Console • Publisher • Developer • Data is not centrally available • Spread out across the internet
Data Collection • Need to write a custom scraper to get data • Video Game Grabber (VG2) • Written in C#
Data Collection • VG2 Code • Need to get data into a csv • Easy for importing into other tools • Title,Developer,Publisher • Console is in the file name
Data Collection • VG2 Code • C# provides a nice interface • HttpWebRequest request = (HttpWebRequest)HttpWebRequest.Create (www.yahoo.com); • HttpRebResponseresp = (HttpWebResponse)request.GetResponse(); • StreamReadersr = new StreamReader(resp.GetResponseStream()); • string source = sr.ReadToEnd();
Data Collection • VG2 Code • Using the previous calls • Data retrieved • Or links followed to find the data • Custom functions were written based on which website the data was pulled from
Data Collection • VG2 Code
Data Collection • VG2Code • Error detection • Any links that could not be followed • Any data that could not be retrieved • Recorded as ERROR into the csv file • These were looked at by hand and either removed or adjusted. • Common errors where when the publisher was different for different regions • NA publisher was used in these cases
Data Collection • VG2 Code • Convert csv.net • Pajek Format • Sample: *Vertices 1123 1 "PS3" 2 "100 Bullets" 3 ”Silicon Studio" 4 "D3 Publisher" 5 "2010 FIFA World Cup South Africa" 6 "EA Canada" 7 "EA Sports" 8 "3D Dot Game Heroes"
Data Collection • VG2 Code • Convert csv .gdf • GUESS Format • Sample: nodedef> name PS3 100_Bullets Silcon_Studio D3_Publisher 2010_FIFA_World_Cup_South_Africa EA_Canada EA_Sports 3D_Dot_Game_Heroes
Data Collection • Current Status • All consoles have data in csv,.net, and .gdf • Except Sega Saturn • Data seems incomplete • Might assemble data from multiple sites • Might replace with Dreamcast • Might just throw it out
Data Analysis • Now that the data is in the correct formats • Numerical Analysis • Graphical Analysis
Numerical Analysis • Clustering Coefficient • How to do this with Pajek • Net->Vector->Clustering Coefficient->CC1
Numerical Analysis • Degree Distribution • How to do this with Pajek • Net->Partitions->Degree->Output
Numerical Analysis • Expansion • How to do this with custom software • Want to know what percentage of nodes are at each level in the hierarchy • Percentage of total nodes that are • Titles • Developers • Publishers
What to do with the numbers • Create a plot and produce a trend line • Average each of the 3 metrics for each generation • Clustering Coefficient • Degree Distribution • Expansion (3 separate averages) • Plot the average of each of the 5 generations
Graphical Analysis • Colors • How to do this with Pajek • Net->Partitions->Degree->Output • Draw->Partition
Graphical Analysis • Colors • How to do this with Pajek • Layout->Energy->Kamada-Kawai->Separate Components
Graphical Analysis • Size • How to do this with GUESS
Graphical Analysis • Size • How to do this with GUESS • g.nodes.outdegree • resizeLinear(outdegree,1,75) • Layout->Physics
Data Analysis • Create animations from all the data • 3 Consoles from 5 Generations
Data Analysis • Average all numerical results for each generation • Show a graph with a trend line for each metric