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Mechanisms of Resistance in Mastrevirus-Infected Cereals

Investigating plant-virus interactions in cereals infected with Mastrevirus genus of Geminiviridae, focusing on resistance mechanisms, gene products, and susceptibility factors. Utilizing genetic and biological characterization, mapping technologies, and screening methods to enhance resistance to Wheat dwarf virus and Maize streak virus. Collaborative potentials and access to germplasm for further research.

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Mechanisms of Resistance in Mastrevirus-Infected Cereals

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  1. Expert Group 2 "Mechanisms and sources of resistance" Boulton lab (JIC): Mastrevirus genus of the Geminiviridae (mainly infect cereals e.g. Wheat dwarf virus (WDV) and Maize streak virus (MSV)) WDV: Europe (Scandinavia →France →Czech Rep., Hungary) MSV: Sub-Saharan Africa and Indian Ocean islands Interests: Mastrevirus-host interactions (susceptible and resistant) • Interaction of virus early gene products with host proteins • (modulation of host cell cycle, virus replication) • characterisation of resistance in cereals

  2. Interaction of geminivirus early gene products with host proteins Bean yellow dwarf virus and Beet curly top virus + Arabidopsis Identification of pathways involved (e.g. microarray analysis of transgenic plants inducibly expressing Rep, RepA and C4) Identification of susceptibility factors – candidate genes and genes identified in suppressor screens following ems mutagenesis Basis for geminivirus resistance via TILLING populations

  3. H Inf Biological and genetic characterisation of resistance to geminiviruses (WDV) in cereals Biological characterisation: Identification of resistant/tolerant cultivars: a) Vector transmission: Psammotettix alienus + WDV-[CZ] (wheat) and WDV-[HU] (barley) Established colony and conditions JIC insectary, with Ian Bedford) WDV-[HU] in barley Psammotettix alienus Insect collection

  4. Biological and genetic characterisation of resistance to geminiviruses (WDV) in cereals Biological characterisation: b) Agroinoculation: Mechanism for inoculation of cloned DNA Established conditions for inoculation of seedlings at different developmental stages (barley and wheat) Seed inoculation (barley) Seedling inoculation (wheat) WDV-[CZ] in wheat Two techniques: Differentiate between resistance to virus replication/insect transmission

  5. Triumph Igri Biological and genetic characterisation of resistance to geminiviruses in cereals Genetic characterisation: (of HvMsv1, with Dave Laurie) Map based cloning: Using doubled haploid and F2, F3 populations barley cvs: Igri x Triumph Transcript based cloning: Bulked segregant approach Candidate genes

  6. Potential for ResistVir (JIC Boulton group) [WDV, wheat and barley] • Methods for screening susceptibility of germplasm: cloned and natural isolates (agroinoculation and vector transmission) 2. Mapping technologies for identification genes/markers: wheat and barley) Improved resistance to WDV in cereals

  7. Collaborative potential/synergy/overlap? WDV: Partner 22 (Aschersleben, Germany) Partner 26 (NIAB –Kenyon) Susceptibility factors: Partner 39 • Assist further progress? • Information: Availability of germplasm: RILs, doubled haploids, mutant populations • Information/access: Tilling populations produced • Access to high throughput marker technology

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