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The Tooth about Your Teeth !

The Tooth about Your Teeth !. Christine A. Stephan, RDH, MSDH Lecturer, IPFW. We have how many teeth?. Children have 20 teeth. Adults have 32 teeth. Incisors. Cuspids. Bicuspids. Upper jaw. Upper jaw. Molars. 32. 20. Lower jaw. Lower jaw. What’s in a tooth?. Enamel.

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The Tooth about Your Teeth !

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  1. The Tooth about Your Teeth! Christine A. Stephan, RDH, MSDH Lecturer, IPFW

  2. We have how many teeth? Children have 20 teeth Adults have 32 teeth Incisors Cuspids Bicuspids Upper jaw Upper jaw Molars 32 20 Lower jaw Lower jaw

  3. What’s in a tooth?

  4. Enamel • Enamel is made of calcium phosphate—it is the hardest structure in the entire body!!! • This layer protects the tooth

  5. Dentin • Lies just beneath the enamel • Made of living cells • Very soft, porous layer

  6. Pulp • Soft, living, inner structure of tooth • Home to blood and nerve supply of tooth • Part that makes tooth “feel”

  7. Cementum • Covers outside of root • Layer of connective tissue that anchors roots of tooth to gums and bone

  8. Other than our teeth, tongue, gums, and cheeks….does anyone know what else lives in our mouth???

  9. A Bacterial Invasion!!!! • EVERYONE has bacteria in their mouth—some are good bacteria, some are not so good

  10. The Bad Guys S. Mutans Lactobacillus Actinomyces

  11. S. mutans, lactobacillus, and actinomyces live in bacterial communities known as dental plaque

  12. The Process of Tooth Decay + = ACID Bacteria Sugar + = ACID Tooth Decay

  13. What is an acid? • Almost all liquids are either bases or acids to some degree—including saliva! • Scientists use something called a pH scale to measure how acidic or how basic something is. • pH is a number between 1-14. From 0-7 are acids and 7-14 are bases. If a liquid has a pH of 0, it is neutral—distilled water.

  14. What kinds of foods and drinks are acidic or produce acids?

  15. An Acid Attack! • 20 minutes for each attack!

  16. Phases of tooth decay Phase I—White Spot Phase II—Enamel Decay • Decay extends through the enamel of tooth • Irreversible and must be restored by a dentist • Yellowish or chalky white in color due to loss of calcium • Also called decalcification • Reversible with proper treatment

  17. Phases of tooth decay…. Phase III—Dentin Decay Phase IV—Pulpal Involvement • Goes beyond enamel, into dentin • Travels VERY quickly through this layer—WHY?? • Tooth can still be restored • Pulp of tooth effected and develops infection • Pus forms causing blood and nerve vessels to die

  18. Phase V--Abscess • Infection reaches tip of root • Bone also develops infection causing pain • Swelling may be present in gums and/or cheeks • Tooth may not be able to be saved

  19. How can we help prevent tooth decay? Flossing daily Brushing 2x daily Eating healthy snacks Limiting sugary/ acidic drinks

  20. Two ways to strengthen our teeth FLUORIDE XYLITOL • Naturally occurring mineral • Makes tooth more resistant to acid attacks • Helps to remineralize enamel when decalcification occurs • Most important for children from 6 months to 16 years • Natural sweetener derived from fibrous parts of plants • Bacteria CANNOT digest therefore acid is not produced • After using, bacteria do not stick to teeth well, decreasing plaque levels • Helps repair damage to enamel

  21. Visit your dentist and hygienist!! • Have your teeth cleaned and examined at least two times a year • Have professional strength fluoride applied at each dental cleaning • Have radiographs taken to check for tooth decay

  22. The End!!!!

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