Animal Kingdom: Diversity and Characteristics

1. Bellwork: Thurs. April, 21, 2016 1. How can you tell that the flower you dissected yesterday was amonocot?___ _______________________________ 2. __________________ are flowering plants. 3. __________________ reproduce with cones. 4. Organisms that are ____________have the ability to make their own food from sunlight (or other chemical pathways.) 5. Organisms that are ___________ must eat other organisms

5. Kingdom Animalia

6. Characteristics of Animals Domain Eukarya Kingdom Animalia Multicellular Heterotrophs (consumers –eaters ) Lack cell walls

7. Have nervous systems - respond to environment - homeostasis • Locomotion = ability to obtain food • Most develop from a zygote • Single layer of cells surround fluid-filled space forming a hollow ball of cells called a gastrula. • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lXN_sDnd1ng&feature=related

8. Body Plans: Symmetry • Animals that are irregular in shape are asymmetrical. • Animals that are regular in shape are symmetrical. • Animal has radial symmetry if it can be divided along any plane, through a central axis, into equal halves. • Animal has bilateral symmetry if it can be divided down its length into similar right and left halves forming mirror images of each other.

9. Which figure has bilateral symmetry? Which has radial symmetry?

10. ~ Protection and Support ~ • Not all animals have a skeleton but some have  • Exoskeletons: hard, waxy coating on the outside of body protecting internal organs, providing framework for support, and places for muscle attachment. • Endoskeletons: support framework within body protecting some organs and a bracing for muscles to pull against.

11. The Invertebrates • 8 main phyla • No backbones • 95% of all animals are in this group

12. Phylum Porifera: the Sponges • simplest form of animal life • live in water • Do not move around- sessile • no symmetry • Pores (holes) all over body

13. Sponges are • Filter Feeders: filtering particles of food from water using collar cells and then pumps the water out the osculum.

14. Phylum Porifera~ • Examples: Tube Sponge, Glass Sponge, Sea Sponge

15. Phylum Cnidaria: jellyfish, hydra, sea anemones, and corals 2 different shapes • Medusa - like a jellyfishPolyp - like a hydra

16. Phylum Cnidaria~ • Live in water • Most have tentacles • catch food with stinging cells • gut for digesting

17. Phylum Cnidaria~ • Examples - Jellyfish, Hydra, sea anemones, and corals

18. Phylum Platyhelminthes: Flatworms - Planaria, Tapeworms • Flat, ribbon-like body • Live in water or are parasites • bilateral symmetry • Some parasites - tapeworm

19. Tapeworms are Parasites that lives in intestines of host absorbing food

20. Phylum Platyhelminthes~ • Liver Fluke • parasite • lives inside of host

21. PhylumNematoda: roundworms – hookworms trichinella • Round, tubular body • small or microscopic • bilateral symmetry • have both a mouth and anus • Live in water or are parasites

22. Phylum Mollusca: Mollusks: snails, squid, clams • Soft bodies • Hard Shells • Live on land or in water • have a circulatory system and a complex nervous system. • Important food source for humans

23. Phylum Mollusca Class Gastropoda • stomach-footed - moves on stomach • snails and slugs • may have 1 shell

24. PhylumMollusca Class Cephalopods “head foot” • squids and octopuses • internal mantel

26. Class Bivalves • 2 shells hinged together • clams, oysters, scallops and mussels

27. Phylum Annelida– Segmented worms – Earthworms, Bristleworms, Leeches • Body divided into segments (sections) • Live in water or underground • have a nervous and circulatory system

29. ~ Class Earthwormseat soil and breakdown organic matter, wastes provide nutrients to soil Class Bristleworms

30. Class leeches • parasites that feed on blood of other animals Used in medicine too…

31. Phylum Echinodermata "spiney skin" • Hard, spiney skin • Live in salt water • Radial symmetry • endoskeleton

32. Phylum Echinodermata ~ Sea stars, sea urchins, sand dollars & sea cucumbers

33. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5E4TsarJk7Y

34. Phylum Arthropoda: most successful & largest group of organisms on earth • Body divided into sections/segments • Exoskeleton • Jointed legs • well developed nervous system

35. Phylum Arthropoda 3 subphylums: Classified into classes according to the number of legs, eyes and antennae they have. Subphylum Chilicerata is divided into 3 classes Arachnida, Merostomata, Pycnogonida

36. Phylum Arthropoda: Subphylum Chilicerata Class Arachnida: spiders, scorpions, mites & ticks • no antennae • 4 pairs of legs • 2 body regions - cephalothorax & abdomen

37. Arthropoda ~ Subphylum Chilicerata • Class Merostomata: Horseshoe crabs • Ancient group of species • Changed little over 350 million years • Aquatic, mostly found on Atlantic & gulf coasts of United States.

38. Phylum Arthropoda - Subphylum Chilicerata • Class Pycnogonida: Sea spider

39. Phylum ArthropodaSubphylum - Crustacea • Aquatic ones have gills • 2 antennae • 2 body regions or segmented • Shrimp, lobsters, crabs, barnacles, isopods (rolly polly’s)

41. Subphylum Uniramia: 3 classes Insecta, Chilopoda, Diplopoda

42. Phylum Arthropoda: Subphylum Uniramia Class Insecta: grasshoppers, ants, butterflies, bees • paired antennae • 3 pairs of legs • 2 body regions - head, thorax & abdomen

44. Phylum ArthropodaSubphylum Uniramia Class Diplopoda Millipedes • segmented animals • Have 2 pairs of legs per segment • Primarily herbivores & decomposers

45. Phylum ArthropodaSubphylum Uniramia Class Chiopoda: Centipedes • Usually terrestrial carnivores • Have 1 pair of antennae • Are often poisonous, using modified front claws to immobilize prey

47. Anatomy of an Ant

48. ~ Phylum Chordata ~ subphylumVertebrata 5 classes • Fish • Mammals • Reptiles • Amphibians • Birds

49. Bellwork: 1. Organisms that are _________________have the ability to make their own food from sunlight or other chemical pathways. 2. Organisms that are ____________________ must eat other organisms Autotroph Heterotroph