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THE 2004 LIVING CONDITIONS MONITORING SURVEY : ZAMBIA EXTENT TO WHICH GENDER WAS INCORPORATED presented at the Global Forum on Gender Statistics, Accra Ghana, 26-28 January 2009. Presentation Lay Out. Introduction Objectives of the survey Sample design methodology Gender integration strategy

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  1. THE 2004 LIVING CONDITIONS MONITORING SURVEY : ZAMBIAEXTENT TO WHICH GENDER WAS INCORPORATEDpresented at the Global Forum on Gender Statistics, Accra Ghana, 26-28 January 2009

  2. Presentation Lay Out • Introduction • Objectives of the survey • Sample design methodology • Gender integration strategy • Findings

  3. Objectives of the survey • Monitor the impact of Government policies, programmes and donor support on the well being of the Zambian population • Monitor poverty and its distribution in Zambia • Provide various users with a set of reliable indicators against which to monitor development • Provide province specific poverty profiles using different poverty lines • Identify vulnerable groups in society and enhance targeting in policy formulation and implementation • Provide data required for estimating Gross Domestic Products’ (GDP) household final consumption • Provide data required for developing new national and province specific weights for the Consumer Price Index (CPI)

  4. Introduction • The LCMS arose out of the need to monitor the living conditions of the people after government started implementing the Structural Adjustment Programme meant to reform the economy in the 1990’s • The SAP policies adversely affected the people- rising poverty trends and deteriorating socio-economic conditions • Four LCMS have conducted since 1996, to monitor the impact of various government and donor policies and programmes: 1996, 1998, 2002/3, 2004

  5. Sample Design Methodology • Sample, 1048 SEA’s and 20,000 households • Nationwide • Covered both rural and urban areas • Data collected by way of personal interviews using structured questionnaire

  6. Gender Integration • A distinction was made between male headed households and female headed households • Questionnaire designed to capture information for males and females

  7. Some summary results Demographic Characteristics of the population • Estimate population 10.9 million • Concentrated in rural areas at 61 percent ; 39 percent in urban areas • No significant difference in the proportion of males and females, almost equal proportions • 22 percent female –headed households

  8. Some Summary results cont’ Education • School attendance rates among children of primary school age marginally higher for female children (80 percent) than for male children at (78 percent) • School attendance among students of secondary school age was higher for males ( 84 percent) compared to ( 79 percent ) for females • School attendance for post secondary, 36 percent for males and 18 percent for females, suggesting a greater drop-out rate for females at secondary school level and higher

  9. Some summary results cont’ Migration • Out of a total population of 10,992,538, 4 percent involved in migration • Of those involved, 3 percent males, 4 percent females • More female migrants than males in the age group 20-24; 6 percent for females and 4 percent for males • More male migrants than females in the age group 25-29; 6 percent for males and 5 percent for females

  10. Some summary results cont’ Health • 10 percent of the total population reported an illness two weeks preceding the survey • Of these, 11 percent female and 10 percent male • The most common reported illness was malaria • 56 percent of the total population that reported an illness consulted a doctor. No difference in the proportion of males and females that consulted

  11. Some summary results cont’ Economic Activity • Out of a total population aged 12 years and above, 64 percent constitute the labour force, of which 67 were male and 60 percent were female • 81 percent of employed persons were engaged in the informal sector • Informal sector employment common among females (90 percent) than males (74 percent) • Of all persons employed in informal sector, 82 percent were in the informal agriculture while 18 percent were in informal non-agriculture • More females engaged in the informal agriculture (83 percent) than males at 80 percent

  12. Some summary results cont’ Household Income • Mean monthly income for a household in Zambia for persons aged five years and above was K502,030 ( about $100 current rate) • Mean monthly income for male-headed household was 535 790 ($107) • Mean monthly income for female-headed household was 382,314 ($76)

  13. Some summary results cont’ Poverty Analysis • 68 percent of the population lived below the poverty line • Of these 71 percent were female headed while 66 percent were male headed households

  14. Gaps • No sex disaggregated data in the report on some issues on which data was collected • Lack of focused and in-depth sex disaggregated data on all issues on which data was collected

  15. Conclusion • Need to train statisticians at all levels in gender statistics • Need to involve users at questionnaire design, analysis and report writing

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