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Introduction to Management and O rganizations (Topic 1). MNGT111 – Principles of Management. WHO ARE MANAGERS?. A manager is someone who coordinates and oversees the work of other people in order to accomplish organizational goals .
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Introduction to Management and Organizations (Topic 1) MNGT111 – Principles of Management
WHO ARE MANAGERS? A manager is someone who coordinates and oversees the work of other people in order to accomplish organizational goals. A manager’s job is not about personal achievement, it’s about helping others do their work. Coordinating and overseeing a work of others distinguishes a managerial position from a non-managerial one.
WHAT IS MANAGEMENT? This is what managers do. (of course) Management is the coordination and oversight of the work activities of others so that their activities are completed efficiently and effectively.
EFFICIENCY VS. EFFECTIVENESS Question: what is the difference between “doing things right” and “doing the right things”?
EFFICIENCY VS. EFFECTIVENESS Efficiency is doing things right, or getting the most output from the least amount of inputs. Effectiveness is doing the right things, or completing activities so that organizational goals are attained. While efficiency is concerned about the means of getting things done, effectiveness is concerned about the ends, or attainment of organizational goals.
CLASSIFICATION OF MANAGERS First-line Managers are individuals who manage the work of non-managerial employees. Middle Managers are individuals who manage the work of first-line managers. Top Managers are individuals who are responsible for making organization-wide decisions and establishing plans and goals that affect the entire organization.
BASIC MANAGEMENT FUNCTIONS Earlier, we discussed that management is what the managers do. Question: how do managers do management?
BASIC MANAGEMENT FUNCTIONS According to “Management” by Stephen P. Robbins and Mary Coulter (10th Edition, 2011): Planning is a management function that involves defining goals, establishing strategies for achieving those goals, and developing plans to integrate and coordinate activities. Organizing is a management function that involves arranging and structuring work to accomplish organizational goals. Leading* is a management function that involves working with and through people to accomplish organizational goals. Controlling is a management function that involves monitoring, comparing and correcting work performance. (*) Also “Directing” in other references
IS STAFFING A MANAGERIAL FUNCTION? The answer is YES. (but why not include it in the previous slide?) Luther Gulickstates seven tasks under the catchword "POSDCORB" which stands for planning, organizing, staffing, directing, coordinating, reporting and budgeting. Henry Fayolrecognizes five functions of management, they are planning, organizing, commanding, coordinating and controlling. Warren Haynes and Joseph Massie classify management functions into decision-making, organizing, staffing, planning, controlling, communicating and directing. Koontz and O'Donnell break up these functions into planning, organizing, staffing, directing and controlling.
IS STAFFING A MANAGERIAL FUNCTION? Staffing may also be considered as one of the significant functions of management involved in constructing the human organization. In staffing, the manager challenges to find the right person for each job. Staffing fixes a manager's responsibility to recruit and to make sure that there is adequate manpower available to fill a variety of positions needed in the organization. Staffing involves the selection and training of future managers and an appropriate system of reward. Staffing apparently cannot be done once and for all, since people are frequently leaving, getting fired, retiring. Often too, the transformations in the organization generate new positions, and these must be filled. “Staffing” falls under Organizing in the latest definition of Managerial Functions. For the sake of informative discussion, we will include it as a managerial function as it was before.
MANAGERIAL ROLES Informational roles are managerial roles that involve collecting, receiving and disseminating information. Interpersonal roles are managerial roles that involve people and other duties that are ceremonial and symbolic in nature. Decisional roles are managerial roles that revolve around making choices. (we will explain these roles in the next slide)
MANAGEMENT SKILLS Technical Skills are job-specific knowledge and techniques needed to proficiently perform work tasks. Human Skills is the ability to work well with other people individually and in a group. Conceptual Skills is the ability to think and to conceptualize about abstract and complex situations.
END OF DISCUSSION Prepare for a short quiz next meeting. As a homework, do the following: 1. Explain what a manager is and how the role of a manager has changed. 2. List five examples of managers in the Philippines that you think are the “best” managers. Explain why.
