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THE DIEPPE RAID. What you should know about Dieppe. Knowledge: Why did they attack? Why did they fail so badly Critical Thinking: Did Dieppe ultimately help the Allies? Background Reading: Read pages 177-78 What is the story of Ross Munro & Rev John Foote?.
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What you should know about Dieppe Knowledge: • Why did they attack? • Why did they fail so badly Critical Thinking: • Did Dieppe ultimately help the Allies? Background Reading: • Read pages 177-78 • What is the story of Ross Munro & Rev John Foote?
Winston Churchill and the Allies were under intense pressure to "do something" to relieve pressure on Soviet Union, raise Allied morale • "Operation Jubilee" was to be a quick raid: Gather information, test tactics for a later invasion, worry the Nazis, then retreat • Satisfy Canadian commanders, public, soldiers: were inactive for 2 years and were ready to go
Aug. 19th, 1942 : 6103 troops land in France (4963 are Canadians): 907 die on beaches 586 wounded 1874 POW's 2 out of 3 are casualties by day's end All machinery, transport that reached land was lost RAF lost 106 aircraft, compared with 48 Luftwaffe aircraft
How were the Germans so successful? • Dieppe was defended: Exits from the beach are sealed off with barbed wire Machine gun posts were placed at the top of the beach head Camouflaged guns added to defensive positioning
WHY DIEPPE FAILED • Boats delayed – loss of surprise (daylight) • Poor planning – squadrons of men mistakenly advance • Inexperienced commanders • The Germans learned about the attack and were ready
WHY DIEPPE FAILED • No aerial or naval bombardment prior to the attack (Too little air & sea support ) • The attack took place in broad daylight • Tanks bogged down on beach • Designed failure?
LESSONS LEARNED • Dieppe gave the Allies an idea of what mistakes to avoid when they later invade France • Much stronger military forces were needed to break through the German defences
Reserve forces should be held back until the progress of the first assault is known