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WWI affects the rest of the world

WWI affects the rest of the world. Enduring Understandings 1. Nationalism, imperialism, militarism, and alliances propelled the industrialized nations into a devastating world war. 2. Advancement of technology changed the nature of global conflict and cooperation.

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WWI affects the rest of the world

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  1. WWI affects the rest of the world Enduring Understandings 1. Nationalism, imperialism, militarism, and alliances propelled the industrialized nations into a devastating world war. 2. Advancement of technology changed the nature of global conflict and cooperation. 3. Cooperation among nations may not necessarily be fair for all parties. • Review the Battle of the Somme – analyze map and read document on page 3 and answer connected questions on page 4. • Review the effects of technology and unconventional weapons by reading pages 5 and 6 – Answer: • How did poison gas affect soldiers? • Why does poison gas seem such a horrible weapon? • How does the scientific and industrial revolutions relate to the Industrial technology reading? • Intro to the widening of the war – complete page 7 as we go through the powerpoint. • Work with groups on project.

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  3. Eastern Front • Russians and Serbs battle Germans, Austrians, and Turks along the Eastern Front in 1914 • Without modern technology, the Russian army was continually short on food, guns, ammunition, clothes, boots, and blankets; hangs on through sheer strength of its numbers • Allies are unable to ship war supplies to Russia’s ports • The Russian Bolshevik Revolution leads to a change in government and a demand to end the war • Russia loses and then signs the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk ending their war and giving land to Germany

  4. The War Spreads to the rest of the world…

  5. War Affects the World • By early 1915 it is apparent that chances for an abbreviated conflict have passed • World War I spreads to several continents; Germany’s colonial possessions are seized by the Allies as colonial subjects are recruited for service • Allied Powers sought a means to end the stalemate; Gallipoli campaign begins in 1915

  6. Gallipoli Campaign • Allied expansion, war moves beyond Europe • Purpose of campaign was numerous… • Secure the Dardanelles Strait • Capture Constantinople • Defeat Turks • Establish supply line to Russia • Effort fails, yet another stalemate

  7. United States Enters the War Why? • Germany’s unrestricted submarine warfare policy • Attack on Lusitania (1915) • Zimmermann Note • Economic/cultural ties with Allies

  8. World War I Propaganda Because World War I spread to several continents, it required the full resources of many governments, thus making it a “total war.” Using this idea of the “total war” concept, governments created propaganda pieces calling on their citizens to join the war effort. The US was the country that produced the most propaganda. Examples of WWI propaganda can be seen on pgs. 360 & 367.

  9. War Affects the Home Front • World War I becomes a total war, and governments take control of national economies • In the U.S. and Europe, citizens undergo rationing of goods • With millions of men at the front, many women go to work in factories and elsewhere

  10. Russia Withdraws from the War • By 1917, the Russian government nears collapse as civil unrest and wartime shortages plague the empire • Czar Nicholas II abdicates his throne in March 1917 • Russia pulls out of the war in early 1918 • Lenin seizes power

  11. Russia and Germany sign Brest-Litovsk Treaty • War on Eastern Front ends • Russia has to give up lands now in: • Latvia, • Lithuania, • Estonia, • Ukraine, • Poland and • Finland – all given to Germany

  12. The Allies Win the War • With Russia’s withdrawal, Germany achieves a victory on the Eastern Front • Though Germany’s eastern troops head west, fresh American troops give the Allies an edge to win the second Battle of the Marne • German troops are exhausted – Americans are fresh • German materials are worn down and supplies, including food was very limited – Americans arrive with new machines and lots of food • After the 2nd Battle of the Marne, Germany is forced to retreat • German citizens are tired, worn out, and fed up with war

  13. The Allies Win the War • Bulgaria and Ottoman Empire surrender • Revolution against emperor of Austria-Hungary • Mutiny in Germany • The Kaiser abdicates, • Germany and the Allies sign an armistice, ending the war on November 11th, 1918

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