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Dramatic video fairly dramatic video. Domain Bacteria. Domain Archaea. Domain Eukarya. Common ancestor. Kingdom: Protists. Domain Eukarya. General characteristics. Classification criteria eukaryotes not animal, plant or fungi. That’s more of what they’re not & not what they are !.
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Domain Bacteria Domain Archaea Domain Eukarya Common ancestor Kingdom: Protists Domain Eukarya
General characteristics • Classification criteria • eukaryotes • not animal, plant or fungi That’s more ofwhat they’re not& notwhat they are!
Great Diversity brown algae& diatoms dinoflagellates & ciliates green algae euglenoids red algae miscellaneous?
Streptophyta (includes land plants) Choanoflagellida Archaea Chlorophyta Animals Bacteria Stramenopila Euglenozoa Fungi Alveolata Rhodophyta Problems with Protist Classification • Too Diverse! • doesn’t reflect any evolutionary relationship amongst all kingdom members • Paraphyletic (what is life’s basal taxon?) Something’snot right here!
Paramecium & symbiont Chlorella Theory of Endosymbiosis mitochondrion internal membrane system aerobic bacterium Eukaryotic cell with mitochondrion Ancestral eukaryotic cell photosyntheticbacterium chloroplast Eukaryotic cell with chloroplasts
Protist Diversity • The full spectrum of modes of life • from unicellular to multicellular • autotrophic to heterotrophic • asexual to sexual reproduction • pathogenic to beneficial • sessile to mobile
Motility • How Protists move • flagellum • cilia • pseudopod
Paramecium with food vacuoles stained red Amoeba ingesting a Paramecium Protist Diversity • Animal-like Protists • heterotrophs, predators • Amoeba • Paramecium • Stentor
Protist Diversity • Plant-like Protists • autotrophs, photosynthesis • Euglena • algae • diatoms
Figure 28.15 Blade Stipe Holdfast
Protist Diversity • Parasitic & pathogenic Protists • malaria • Giardia • trypanosomes Plasmodium Giardia Trypanosoma
Protist Diversity • Beneficial & necessary Protists • phytoplankton • small algae + diatoms • much of the world’s photosynthesis • produces ~90% of atmospheric oxygen • zooplankton • heterotrophic protists + animals • key ecological role at base of marine food web Mmmmmm!Sounds like breakfast!
Key Haploid (n) Diploid (2n) Figure 28.16-2 Sporangia MEIOSIS 10 cm Sporophyte(2n) Zoospore Female Developingsporophyte Gametophytes (n) Zygote(2n) Male Egg FERTILIZATION Mature femalegametophyte(n) Sperm
Inside mosquito Inside human Merozoite Figure 28.10-3 Sporozoites (n) Liver Livercell Oocyst Apex MEIOSIS Red bloodcell 0.5 m Merozoite (n) Zygote (2n) Red bloodcells FERTILIZATION Gametes Key Gametocytes (n) Haploid (n) Diploid (2n)
Oogonium Germ tube Egg nucleus (n) Figure 28.17-3 Cyst Antheridialhypha withsperm nuclei (n) MEIOSIS Hyphae ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION Zoospore(2n) FERTILIZATION Zygotegermination Zygotes (oospores) (2n) SEXUAL REPRODUCTION Zoosporangium(2n) Key Haploid (n) Diploid (2n)
4 cm Thelife cycle of a plasmodial slime mold. FERTILIZATION Feedingplasmodium Zygote (2n) Matureplasmodium(preparing to fruit) Youngsporangium Amoeboid cells (n) Flagellatedcells (n) Maturesporangium Germinatingspore Spores (n) MEIOSIS 1 mm Stalk Key Haploid (n) Diploid (2n)