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WHAT IS ANTHROPOLOGY?. Anthropology. Greek origins of word: anthropos “man” -ology “study of” . Anthropology. Greek origins of word: anthropos “man” -ology “study of” The study of human biological and cultural variation, past and present . Anthropology. Greek origins of word:
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Anthropology • Greek origins of word: • anthropos“man” • -ology “study of”
Anthropology • Greek origins of word: • anthropos“man” • -ology “study of” • The study of human biological and cultural variation, past and present
Anthropology • Greek origins of word: • anthropos“man” • -ology “study of” • The study of human biological and cultural variation, past and present • Goal: understand uniqueness and diversity, and discover universal similarities
Anthropology • Greek origins of word: • anthropos“man” • -ology “study of” • The study of human biological and cultural variation, past and present • Goal: understand uniqueness and diversity, and discover universal similarities • Holistic approach: study many different aspects of human experience
Four-Field Approach • Cultural Anthropology • Linguistic Anthropology • Biological Anthropology • Archaeology
Biological Anthropology • Human Paleontology and Paleoanthropology • Evolution of humans
Biological Anthropology • Human Paleontology and Paleoanthropology • Evolution of humans • Primatology • Study of primates
Biological Anthropology • Human Paleontology and Paleoanthropology • Evolution of humans • Primatology • Study of primates • Modern Human Biological Variation • How and why populations of humans vary biologically
CULTURAL ANTHROPOLOGYAlso called Social Anthropology and Socio-cultural Anthropology
Cultural Anthropology • Ethnology (Ethnologist) • Study of existing and recent cultures
Cultural Anthropology • Ethnology (Ethnologist) • Study of existing and recent cultures • Ethnography (Ethnographer) • Detailed description of customary thought & behaviour of a particular culture
Cultural Anthropology • Ethnology (Ethnologist) • Study of existing and recent cultures • Ethnography (Ethnographer) • Detailed description of customary thought & behaviour of a particular culture • Ethnohistory (Ethnohistorian) • Study of how the ways of life of a group of people have changed over time
Archaeology • Prehistoric Archaeology • Reconstruct past cultures based on material remains • Historic Archaeology • Same as prehistoric, but study societies with written records
Linguistic Anthropology • Historical Linguistics • How languages change over time and are related
Linguistic Anthropology • Historical Linguistics • How languages change over time and are related • Structural (or descriptive) linguistics • How modern languages differ in construction
Linguistic Anthropology • Historical Linguistics • How languages change over time and are related • Structural (or descriptive) linguistics • How modern languages differ in construction • Sociolinguistics • How language is used in social contexts
Applied Anthropology Useful application of anthropological knowledge (of ANY subfield) to real-world issues and concerns
Next time… • Concept of Culture