Materials Science and Engineering… because everything is made of something

1. Materials Science and Engineering… because everything is made of something Steven M. Seghi Ph.D. smseghi@gmail.com

2. Bite of Science • Materials science, also commonly known as materials engineering, is an interdisciplinary field applying the properties of matter to various areas of science and engineering. This relatively new scientific field investigates the relationship between the structure of materials at atomic or molecular scales and their macroscopic properties. It incorporates elements of applied physics and chemistry. It is an important part of forensic engineering (Forensic engineering is the investigation of materials, products, structures or components that fail or do not operate or function as intended, causing personal injury or damage to property.) and failure analysis, the latter being the key to understanding, for example, the cause of various aviation accidents. Many of the most pressing scientific problems that are currently faced today are due to the limitations of the materials that are currently available and, as a result, breakthroughs in this field are likely to have a significant impact on the future of human technology • Classes of materials • Traditionally: Metals, Ceramics, Polymers, and Electronic Materials • More recently this has been expanded: • Biomaterials, Carbon, Ceramics, Composite Materials, Glass, Metals, Nanomaterials, Polymers, Refractory, Semiconductors, Thin Films, Functionally Graded Materials • Sub-disciplines of materials science/closely related fields • Biomaterials, Ceramography, Crystallography, Electronic and Magnetic Materials, Forensic Materials Engineering, Glass Science, Materials Characterization, Metallography, Metallurgy, Microtechnology, Nanotechnology, Rheology, Surface Science, Tribology • Industrial applications of materials science include materials design, cost-benefit tradeoffs in industrial production of materials, processing, and analytical techniques http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Materials_science

3. Bite of Science • Relevant High School Science • Chemistry • Chemical reactions, and the role of energy in those reactions, chemical bonding, molecular models, nuclear chemistry, states of matter-gases, liquids and solids, solutions and mixtures, reactions (reaction types), stoichiometry, equilibrium, kinetics, and thermodynamics. • Physics • Fundamental concepts and principles related to matter and energy, including mechanics, wave motion, heat, light, electricity, magnetism, atomic and subatomic particles. • Biology • The functions and processes of cells, tissues, organs, and systems within various species of living organisms and the roles and interdependencies of organisms within populations, communities, ecosystems, and the biosphere. • Anatomy • Anatomical terminology, anatomical identification, and physiological processes of human body systems • Genetics • Understand the basic principles of genetics, including concepts of recessive and dominant alleles, relationships of phenotype to genotype, Punnett squares, and pedigree analysis. Learn how a gene provides the instructions for making a protein, the molecular processes of transcription and translation. • Biomedical Science • Concepts of human medicine including introductions to topics such as physiology, genetics, microbiology and public health. Examine the processes, structures and interactions of the human body. Explore the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of disease.

4. Bite of Science Education • B.S. Materials Science and Engineering University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign (UIUC) ’97 – Polymer Composites Specialization • Research experience: Metal matrix composite (MMC) fabrication-elevated temperature creep testing • Ph.D. Materials Science and Engineering UIUC ’03 • Research Experience: • High frequency polymeric adhesive bond testing • Glass/Epoxy composite interface modification for damage mechanism control • Fabrication of ceramic matrix composites (CMCs) and ceramic-carbon hybrid matrix composites via preceramic polymer infiltration and pyrolysis (PIP) • Tribological (friction and wear) evaluation of resulting CMCs

5. Bite of Science Post Graduate School Research Experience • Coatings • Vapor Deposition (Chemical & Physical) • Composite Fabrication • MMCs: In Situ formation, Capillary infiltration • CMCs: PIP, Chemical vapor infiltration, Hot Pressed • PMCs: wet layer, prepreg, vacuum bagging, autoclave • Monolithic Ceramics • Reactive processing, Hot pressing, Cold isostatic pressing-Sinter-Hot isostatic pressing • Thermal Management: • Advanced Loop Heat Pipe (LHP) wicks • Advanced LHP condensers • Freeze tolerant water LHP • Unmanned Venus Lander (including structure and thermal management system)

6. Bite of Science • Biomimicry/Biologically Inspired Systems • Shark skin for preventing microorganism growth • Humpback whale flippers inspiring advanced wind turbine blade design (32% less drag) • Bottlenose dolphins potentially impacting submarines of the future (highest lift fin) http://sharklet.com/technology/ http://www.sustainableindustries.com/articles/2009/07/evolution-meets-creation http://www.scientificamerican.com/blog/post.cfm?id=the-secret-right-under-our-bottleno-2009-06-29

7. Bite of Science • Biological Systems • Tobacco plants that produce vaccines • A team of biologists and engineers have created the first “living foundry” capable of producing 2.5 million units of vaccine in just seven days using genetically altered tobacco plants, tended by robots. • http://www.healthline.com/health-news/tech-robotic-factory-farm-grows-vaccines-in-tobacco-plants-062913 • Piezoelectric Virus • Berkeley Lab Scientists Generate Electricity from Viruses • New approach is a promising first step toward the development of tiny devices that harvest electrical energy from everyday tasks - convert mechanical energy into electricity • http://newscenter.lbl.gov/news-releases/2012/05/13/electricity-from-viruses/