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Single stream recycling: How do they sort this mess out?

Single stream recycling: How do they sort this mess out?. Lots of ingenuity…and knowledge of physical and chemical properties!. Separation of Mixtures. Mixtures may be separated by many different techniques based on differing physical and/or chemical properties. S eparation challenges.

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Single stream recycling: How do they sort this mess out?

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  1. Single stream recycling: How do they sort this mess out? Lots of ingenuity…and knowledge of physical and chemical properties!

  2. Separation of Mixtures Mixtures may be separated by many different techniques based on differing physical and/or chemical properties

  3. Separation challenges • Frack water cleanup

  4. Sorting Simply picking apart the different components: Recycling

  5. Sieving Use screens to sort by size: Sifting flour or gold nuggets or soil

  6. Filtering Particles separated form liquid or gas: Coffee, Furnace, Lab filter setup with funnel

  7. Decanting Pouring liquid off of settled mixture: Wine from sediment Water in water treatment plant

  8. Magnetism Iron from aluminum, plastic, and paper at recycling plant Cow magnets!

  9. Density Different types of plastic at recycling plant Oil on water

  10. Dissolving If one substance dissolves and another doesn’t Salt and sand…salt dissolves in water…sand doesn’t…sand settles Tea flavor from tea leaves

  11. Centrifugation Spinning to pull heavier part of mixture to bottom Blood cells are separated from serum The spin cycle in the washer removes water from clothes

  12. Distillation Differences in boiling points can be used to separate liquids (differences in freezing and sublimation points may also be used ) Alcohol in stills Oil refineries

  13. Chromatography “chroma” meaning color, technique was first used for dyes A moving phase carries sample along over or through a stationary phase. Components are separated because they have different attractions for the phases so some move faster than others. Paper chromatography to separate ink pigments Many variations for many different mixtures

  14. Evaporation Remove a liquid from a solid Sea salt isolated by evaporating sea water in shallow ponds Solids may also be purified by recrystallization

  15. Shaking Motion… a dog shaking to remove water  Gravity/density… gentle shaking causes dense items to sink and less dense to rise

  16. Almost any difference in physical properties can be used to separate mixtures physically Differences in chemical properties can also be used to separate mixtures chemically. For example, oil floats on water (physical difference in density) and burns, but water does not (chemical property of flammability)

  17. What’s going on here?Physical?Chemical?

  18. SEPARATION TECHNIQUES are limited only by people’s (or wizard’s ingenuity!)

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