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INSTRUCTOR: Prof. Jeffrey D. Paduan (Code OC/Pd) OFFICE: Spanagel 348 PHONE: 656-3350

OC3230-Descriptive Physical Oceanography. INSTRUCTOR: Prof. Jeffrey D. Paduan (Code OC/Pd) OFFICE: Spanagel 348 PHONE: 656-3350 EMAIL: paduan@nps.edu QUARTER: Summer 05 WHERE: Spanagel 332 WHEN: Mon–Thur 0400-1450 (Thursday is Lab/Rev/Supp Lecture period) PROPOSED GRADING:

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INSTRUCTOR: Prof. Jeffrey D. Paduan (Code OC/Pd) OFFICE: Spanagel 348 PHONE: 656-3350

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  1. OC3230-Descriptive Physical Oceanography • INSTRUCTOR: Prof. Jeffrey D. Paduan (Code OC/Pd) • OFFICE: Spanagel 348 • PHONE: 656-3350 • EMAIL: paduan@nps.edu • QUARTER: Summer 05 • WHERE: Spanagel 332 • WHEN: Mon–Thur 0400-1450 • (Thursday is Lab/Rev/Supp Lecture period) • PROPOSED GRADING: • Lab/Projects (20%); 2 Tests (25% each); • Final Exam (30%) • Required Text: Sverdrup, Duxbury, and Duxbury, 2005: The World's Oceans., • 8th Edition, McGraw Hill, Press, New York, 514 pp; • online supplement: http://www.mhhe.com/sverdrup8

  2. What to do? Read Textbook Class Notes Come to class Turn in homework Show up for cruise Ace the exams “Paduan” notes Textbook

  3. SPECIAL DATES: MPA meeting…6 Jul R/V Pt Sur Cruise…14 Jul R/V Pt Sur Cruise…25 Jul Exam-1 (definite)...2 Aug Exam-2 (Tentative)…1 Sep Labor Day Holiday...5 Sep Final Exam...19 Sep (Sp-226, 1300-1450)

  4. SPECIAL DATES: MPA meeting…6 Jul R/V Pt Sur Cruise…14 Jul R/V Pt Sur Cruise…25 Jul Exam-1 (Tentative)...1 Aug Exam-2 (Tentative)…1 Sep Labor Day Holiday...5 Sep Final Exam...19 Sep (Sp-226, 1300-1450) Thursdays: Optional “Lab”

  5. “We here set out with the postulate that the sea, as well as the air, has its system of circulation, and that this system, whatever it be, and wherever its channels lie, whether in the waters at or below the surface, is in obedience to physical laws.” Matthew Fountaine Maury, 1855 What is Oceanography? When did it Start? Who does it?

  6. Chap 1-History

  7. Chap 1-History Ptolemy (5th C) Herodotus (450 BC!)

  8. Chap 1-History “Pre-Columbian” Explorations of the Vikings Afterwards, around 1000-1400 A.D., navigation flourished mainly in Asia and in the Arab World where knowledge was translated and expanded from the Greek civilization

  9. Chap 1-History

  10. Chap 1-History

  11. Chap 1-History

  12. Chap 1-History

  13. Chap 1-History

  14. Chap 1-History Aside: the longitude problem = time Recommend: book “Longitude” by Dava Sobel H4-Traveled with Capt. Cook John Harrison (1693-1776)

  15. Chap 1-History Johannes van Keulen (1682) Ben Franklin & Timothy Folger (1769) Early navigation chart; Compass directions from 14c portolanos (harbor- finding) charts Based on shipping records and designed to help ship transit efficiently between North America and Europe

  16. Chap 1-History Average Satellite SST in 1996 Ben Franklin & Timothy Folger (1769) Consistent reports of strong northeast currents allowed Franklin to chart the Gulf Stream and recommend the northern route to Europe and the southern route from Europe

  17. Chap 1-History Jefferson

  18. Chap 1-History LT Matthew F. Maury (1806-1873) Physical Geography of the Sea (1855) Father of Oceanography (one of); began collating records of oceanography observations along with Alexander Bache of the U.S. Coast Survey

  19. Chap 1-History The Beagle voyage included naturalist Charles Darwin

  20. Chap 1-History Challenger Expedition was first dedicated oceanographic cruise

  21. Chap 1-History Challenger Expedition: All oceans-111,000 km Water column and bottom samples Depth soundings (max=8180m in Marianas Trench) 50 Volumes; 20 Years

  22. Chap 1-History Challenger Expedition: Bottom samples identified many new species; De-bunked Forbes’ theory that no life existed below 550m

  23. Chap 1-History Fram Expedition 1893-1896 Fridtjof Nansen 1861-1930 Scientist Inventor Statesman 1922 Nobel Peace Price Recipient Frozen in arctic ice pack for 3 years Meteorological and oceanographic observations Iceberg motion relative to wind direction inspired Ekman’s theory of wind driven currents (1905)

  24. Chap 1-History Meteor Expedition (1925): Discovered mid-Atlantic Ridge Critical mapping of T & S –Deep Circulation

  25. Chap 1-History Oceanographic Institutions 1888 Marine Biological Laboratory (Woods Hole) 1892 Hopkins Marine Station 1903 Scripps Institution of Oceanography 1910 Oceanographic Museum of Monaco 1930 Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution Post WWII = Many More

  26. Chap 1-History MBARI Scripps Western Flyer Pt Sur Retired MBARI engineer Gary Thurmond took these aerial shots with a "KAP" Rig (Kite Aerial Photography camera platform), pictured at right. The rig consists of a radio-controlled pan and tilt Olympus D-340R digital camera, a small video camera for aiming the rig, and a 2.4 GHz microwave video downlink. The video is received on the ground and used to point the digital camera. MBARI/MLML dock Moss Landing Pt Lobos

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