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Lesson 19. Day 1. Words with irregular plurals and possessives. Discuss the meaning of the spelling words. singular possessive – class’s plural possessive – classes’. Listening Comprehension. Genre – folktale s tories that were originally passed down orally, not written down
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Words with irregular plurals and possessives • Discuss the meaning of the spelling words. • singular possessive – class’s • plural possessive – classes’
Listening Comprehension • Genre – folktale • stories that were originally passed down orally, not written down • often teach a lesson or moral • reflect the customs and beliefs of a culture • This folktale is from Mexico. • When you listen to a folktale, you should listen to appreciate the story and the lesson it teaches. • Purpose: To find out what lesson the folktale teaches. • Good readers use punctuation marks to group chunks of words and pause between groups of words that go together.
In this context, a want is the lack of a basic need, such as food, water, or warmth. Why did the emperor disguise himself? The peasant boy refused to break the law, even though he thought it was unfair. What does that tell you about the boy? The emperor knew his subjects would speak more honestly to a common person. He wanted t find out their real thoughts. He was honest and respectful.
Why did the emperor change the law? • The peasant boy’s honesty made the emperor realize that his law was wrong. • What lesson does this folktale teach? • By being honest and doing the right thing, we can encourage others to do good, too. • In this week’s story, you will read a story about a very truthful person whose honesty is tested.
Read Page 494 • A story’s theme is its main message. • What was the theme of “Hewitt Anderson’s Great Big Life?” • The theme is the main message an author communicates in a story. • Often the setting, characters, and events work together to reveal the theme. • To identify an unstated theme, think about what the main character learns. • The theme, or lesson, of a fable is called a moral, and it is usually stated directly.
Read Page 495 • Think Aloud: A dove saves an ant’s life. Later, the tiny ant saves the dove’s life. The theme, or lesson, of the story is that even small friends can be great friends. • What is the setting of the story? • a river • How does the setting affect what happens between the dove and the ant? • The ant falls into the river, and the dove saves her. • What plot event occurs that allows the ant to repay the dove for her kindness? • A hunter tries to catch the dove. • Do the “Try This”
Comprehension Strategy: Monitor Comprehension: Self Correct • Readers sometimes misread a word, which causes their understanding to break down. • What are the different ways of misreading a word? • mispronounce • wrong meaning for a multiple meaning word • Good readers pause to self correct and clear up the confusion.
Read aloud the passage. • Name any unfamiliar words in the story. • Remember when an unfamiliar word causes understanding to break down, you should pause to self correct.
A reader may stumble over the word mackinaw and read it as macaw by mistake. A macaw is a tropical bird. That word would not make sense in the sentence. The reader should self correct by slowly rereading the word mackinaw, and then either use a dictionary or the context of the story to figure out its meaning. Reread the last paragraph. Discuss what you could do if you were unsure how to read the word accomplish. Guide students to break the word into syllables (ac-com-plish) to help with pronunciation and word recognition.
Background Knowledge • This week’s story is a folktale about a man whose honesty is tested. • Discuss the concept of honesty and how you might know whether someone is honest or not.
Develop Concepts • To be honest means that others trust you to always tell the truth, keep promises, and never steal. • To find out if a person is hones, you could observe whether he or she tells the truth and never takes things that belong to someone else.
What view would be more magnificent, the view from under your bed or the view from the top of a mountain? If you parents insisted that you go somewhere, would they expect you to go there? Explain. Would you be surprised if someone declared something that he wanted to keep secret? Explain. When you walk confidently into a room, do you feel scared? Why or why not? Would you expect someone who is feeling distressed to whistle a cheerful song? Why or why not? If a player on the opposing team gloated about winning a game, how would you feel? You see someone looking anxiously at the clock. What might be the reason?
Read page 496. • What did the queen declare to her children? • Why did five of the queen’s children behave confidently when they returned after one year? • Five of the children came to the queen with magnificent plants. Describe what their plants might have looked like. • Why did the queen’s sixth child look distressed?
Read page 497. • Why did the queen’s first five children gloat? • When the queen called her sixth child forward, what did he insist? • Why did the children wait anxiously for the queen’s decision?
Day 2 • Read the Story • Discuss the Story • Thinking Critically • About the Author and Illustrator
Vocabulary Review • Why was don Ignacio’s apple tree so magnificent? • What did don Ignacio insist about Juan Verdades? • Which character declared, “Don’t worry, Mama!”? • Did don Arturo feel confident that he could win the bet? • Why was Juan Verdades distressed after he picked the apples? • What made don Arturo gloat? • Why was don Ignacio anxious as he waited for Juan?
Page 516 • Preview “Hard Cheese” by reading the title, subtitle, and looking at the illustrations. • The message, or moral, of a fable teaches a lesson about life. • A fable is a short story that directly states a moral at the end. • Point out the moral at the bottom of page 519. • Read the fable independently.
How can you tell that the crow is affected by the fox’s flattering statements? • The crow feels more and more pleased with himself; he eagerly agrees to sing for the fox. • What is the moral of this fable? • Beware of false flattery. • In your opinion, which moral is more useful: the one in “Hard Cheese,” or the one in “Juan Verdades: The Man Who Couldn’t Tell a Lie”? Explain. • Why do you think this fable is still being told? • People of today and people of long ago are the same in many ways. Everyone enjoys getting compliments, so everyone is in danger of being fooled by flattery. • Contrast the features of this fable with the features of the folktale about Juan Verdades. • The fable is shorter, has animals as characters, and directly states a moral at the end.
Page 520 – Comparing Text Questions • Page 521 – Writing • Read Checklist • Use Graphic Organizer
Theme • A story’s theme is the main message of the story. • The setting, character’s actions, and character’s motivations work together to reveal the theme. • The theme usually becomes clear at the end of the story. • The theme can be stated directly, as in a fable, or indirectly, as in most folktales and other stories. • To figure out an unstated theme, think about what the main character learns or how the problem in the story is solved.
The theme of “Juan Verdades” is not directly stated at the end of the story. • The author gives clues to the theme throughout the story, however, and the theme becomes clear when readers see how the story ends.
Page 499 – What is the first clue that tells you that honesty will be important in this story? • The title of the folktale says that Juan Verdades could not tell a lie. • Page 502 – Why do you think do Ignacio is willing to make the bet with don Arturo? • Don Ignacio takes the bet because he trusts Juan Verdades. • Page 508 – Why do you think Juan Verdades tries to practice lying? • Juan Verdades practices lying because he is afraid to tell the truth. • Page 511 – How is Juan rewarded for not telling a lie? • He gets don Arturo’s ranch.
Write the plural possessive forms of the nouns in the phrases. • the shoes of the child • the children’s shoes • the toys of the baby • the babies’ toys • the cheese of the mouse • the mice’s cheese • the pond of the fish • the fishes’ pond • Draw a picture of one of the phrases above, and have a partner guess which phrase was illustrated.
Vocabulary Review • If you are insisting on something, what are you saying? • What sight do you think is magnificent? • Would you comfort a friend who looked distressed? Why or why not? • What is one skill you feel confident about? • What might be declared at a school assembly? • Is it ever right to gloat? Why or why not? • What might someone who is behaving anxiously say?
Narrative Form • Imaginative forms of literature have characters and settings that may or may not be realistic and events that often could not happen in real life. • Forms of imaginative literature are fable, folktale, fairy tale, myth, tall tale, and pourquoi tale.
The womens saw three gooses. • Two of the words are not spelled correctly. • Copy the sentence and correct the misspelled words. • The women saw three geese.
Vocabulary Review • How would you feel if your parents insisted on rousing you at 5:00 a.m.? • Would you consider a vast canyon magnificent? Why or why not? • Would a week of relentless bad days make you feel distressed? • Could a resourceful person deal with problems confidently? Explain. • When have you declared an intention? • If a friend gloated about his stature, would you be annoyed? Why or why not? • Would you behave anxiously if you had inadvertently lost your backpack? Explain. • Why might a farmer gloat when he has a bountiful harvest?
Organization of Fables • Decide who will play each part in the fable. • Plan which parts will just be spoken and which will include actions. • Gather or prepare any props you need. • Rehearse the fable until everyone knows his or her part well.
Speaking Strategies • Use effective volume, pitch, tone, and phrasing. • Make eye contact and use gestures that will engage the audience.
Listening Strategies • Listen carefully and make eye contact with the presenters. • Show interest and attention. • Listen for the conflict, plot events, resolution, and the moral of the fable.
