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Politics in the 1920s

Politics in the 1920s. Liberals. Laurier dies in 1919; new leader appointed William Lyon Mackenzie King longest serving Prime Minister in Canadian history (1921-1930, 1935-1948) PM of first minority government loyal to Laurier during conscription master of compromise

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Politics in the 1920s

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  1. Politics in the 1920s

  2. Liberals • Laurier dies in 1919; new leader appointed • William Lyon Mackenzie King • longest serving Prime Minister in Canadian history (1921-1930, 1935-1948) • PM of first minority government • loyal to Laurier during conscription • master of compromise • born in Berlin, Ontario on December 17, 1874

  3. Conservatives • Borden resigns from Conservative Party in 1920 • Arthur Meighen • appointed new party leader and PM of Canada • was responsible for anti-union laws as Minister of Justice • not a compromiser • supported conscription, worked actively to crush Winnipeg General Strike and favoured high tariffs

  4. Progressives • New political party consisting of mostly farmers • Supported low tariffs or free trade • Finished 2nd place in first election but collapsed in 1922 • Elected first female MP, Agnes Macphail

  5. 1921 Election • Liberals defeat Conservatives but only gained a minority government (won fewer than half of the seats in the House of Commons) • Liberals: 116 seats • Progressives: 64 seats • Conservatives: 50 seats • Independent: 3 seats • Labour: 2 seats • First minority gvt in the history of Canada

  6. needed the support of another party to avoid a vote of non-confidence • vote of non-confidence: a bill or suggested law does not receive a majority vote in the H of C. The gvt is defeated and PM and party must resign because it no longer has the vote of the elected officials. • in order to secure leadership, King lowered tariffs....why?

  7. 1925 Election • King calls an early election to try to win a majority gvt. • Surprising results: • Conservatives: 116 seats • Liberals: 99 seats • Progressives: 24 seats • Independent: 4 seats • Labour: 2 seats • What happened? • Maritimers upset with Liberal policies so switched their vote to Liberals

  8. 1925 Election cont... • Conservatives win a minority government but do not gain support from other parties therefore losing leadership to Liberals • Progressives and Independents supported King therefore King remained PM

  9. Byng-King Crisis • in late 1925, political scandals among the Liberals cause Conservatives to threaten to call for a vote of non-confidence • King asks Governor General Byng to dissolve gvt before Conservatives can do so • Byng denies request because there is a chance that Meighen can form a gvt due to having the largest number of seats • Meighen’s gvt lasted less than 3 days! (shortest-lived gvt in Cdn history • King calls an election!

  10. 1926 Election • King uses Byng’s refusal to accept his advice and the fact that he is British to his advantage • King played on Canada’s growing nationalism and ended up winning the election with a majority gvt • Meighen resigned as leader of the Conservatives in 1927 after losing his own riding

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