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Nerve net on right found in the two plexi

General Functions Intracellular vs Extracellular Digestion Gastrointestinal Tract - two way Alimentary Canals - Linear specialization Mechanical and Chemical Digestion Digestive organs vs Accessory organs.

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Nerve net on right found in the two plexi

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  1. General FunctionsIntracellular vs Extracellular DigestionGastrointestinal Tract - two wayAlimentary Canals - Linear specializationMechanical and Chemical DigestionDigestive organs vs Accessory organs

  2. Basic Structural PlanMucosaEpitheliumLamina propriaMuscularis mucosaSubmucosaPlexus of MeissnerPlexus of AuerbachMuscularis ExternaSerosa or Adventitia

  3. Basic Structural PlanMucosa Epithelium Lamina propria Muscularis mucosaSubmucosaPlexus of MeissnerPlexus of AuerbachMuscularis ExternaSerosa or Adventitia Nerve net on right found in the two plexi

  4. No matter what part of the digestive tube, the plan is fundamentally identical with areas specialized for particular functions as needed. Folding increases surface area, glands changes secretions, and muscle enlargement for mechanical controls including sphincters.

  5. This is a longitudinal section through the esophagus. Only part with stratified squamous epithelium (except for anus)

  6. MouthLipsBuccal WallGingivaTonguePalate - Soft and HardOropharynxBuccal cavity

  7. Lips - Red Free margin • Labial frenulum - Inferior & Superior • Lingual frenulum • Gingiva and Alveolar processes and sockets • Dentation Milk or baby teeth Adult teeth Another set?

  8. Tooth types - modified for functions • Crown and Root • Incisors – Cutting • Canines or Cuspids – Grasping • Premolar or Bicuspid – Grinding • Molar - Grinding

  9. Crown Enamel Dentine - Tome’s fibersNeck - cervixRoot Pulp cavity Dentin CementumApical foramenPeridontal ligament

  10. Crown Enamel Dentine - Tome’s fibers Neck - cervixRoot Pulp cavity Dentin CementumApical foramenPeridontal ligament

  11. Tongue structureSensory ZonesPapillaeFiliformFungiformCircumvalate

  12. Thyroglossal Duct remnant • Terminal Sulcus • Vallate Papillae • Foliate Papillae • Fungiform Papillae • Median Sulcus • Filiform Papillae

  13. Food coloring on tongue shows the distribution of fungiform papillae

  14. Intrinsic Extrinsic

  15. Parotid - Stensen’s duct Serous Water Electrolytes Amylase No mucinSubmaxillary orSubmandibular - MixedSublinginaL Mucus no enzyme

  16. Composition of SalivaWater - 99.5%Electrolytes- Na, Cl, K, Blood typing proteinsMucin forms mucus; lubricantUreaImmunoglobin ABicarbonates- buffers pHPhosphates - buffers pHAmylase - activated by chloride ions Lubrication and bindingSolubilizes dry foodOral Hygiene Oral cavity flushed with saliva Bacteria grow during sleep - Dragon breath Saliva contains lysozymes to kill bacteriaInitiates starch digestion - limited

  17. Approximately 18 inches Collasped tube no sphincters Esophageal mucus glands No digestion DeglutitionVoluntary Oral PhaseInvoluntary Pharyneal PhaseInvoluntary Esophageal Phase

  18. Peritoneum - SomaticPeritoneum - VisceralAbdominal cavity Intra-peritoneal organs Retroperitoneal organsMesentaryThe Mesentary Mesocolon Greater Omentum Lesser Omentum

  19. Greater Omentum Lessor Omentum

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