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What is Meta-Analysis? Quantitative literature review Synthesize the results of previous studies

What is Meta-Analysis? Quantitative literature review Synthesize the results of previous studies Analyze a sample consisting of studies rather than individuals. Brief Introduction to Meta-Analysis. 2 examples:. Le & Agnew (in press) Correlates of relationship commitment.

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What is Meta-Analysis? Quantitative literature review Synthesize the results of previous studies

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  1. What is Meta-Analysis? • Quantitative literature review • Synthesize the results of previous studies • Analyze a sample consisting of studies rather than individuals Brief Introduction to Meta-Analysis 2 examples: • Le & Agnew (in press) • Correlates of relationship commitment • Rind et al. (1998) • Childhood Sexual Abuse and Adjustment • Why Meta-Analysis? • Estimate from multiple studies better than from single study • Examine conditions that change the pattern of results (i.e., moderation)

  2. “Investment Model” Simplified Rind et al. Model Satisfaction Childhood Sexual Abuse Alternatives Commitment (Mal)Adjustment Investments • Step 1.Identify Variables of Interest • What is the topic of the meta-analysis? • Step 2.Set Boundaries / Criteria for Including Studies • What qualifies a study for inclusion? • What information must be reported (or obtainable)? • Context, sample? Rind et al. Le & Agnew

  3. N rsat-com ralt-com rinv-com Mcom SDcom N Mcom SDcom N Mcom SDcom P/U Study 1 142 .51 -.34 .29 6.81 1.19 71 6.40 1.17 71 7.21 1.23 P Study 2 91 .73 -.22 .47 5.46 1.30 26 5.45 1.37 65 5.47 1.28 U . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Study 50 400 .57 -.41 .26 6.59 1.24 174 6.41 1.30 226 6.63 1.23 P DATING MARRIED • Step 3.Literature Search • Search databases (e.g., PsycInfo) for key words • Search references of related papers, TOCs of recent journals • Citation search of seminal paper(s) • Unpublished studies? • Step 4.Creating Database • What numbers are recorded? • Other things coded? (subsamples, study characteristics) Le & Agnew

  4. Childhood Sexual Abuse Satisfaction .68 .04 for men .11 for women r = .09 Alternatives Commitment -.48 (Mal)Adjustment Relationship status d = .29 Investments .46 • Step 5.Effect Sizes (for each study) • From correlations (r, N) • From group differences (means, SDs, t, F, N) • Step 6.Analyzing Database • Average r, weighted by N (-1.00 to 1.00; 0 = no association) • Average difference between groups (-1.00 to 1.00; 0 = no difference) • Moderation? Step 7.Interpreting Results Rind et al. Le & Agnew

  5. Issues to discuss regarding the Rind et al. meta-analysis • Responsibility: Researchers, editor/reviewers, organization, media outlets, consumers • Journals as representatives of organizations • Academic freedom • The self-correcting nature of science • On obtaining unexpected (or “undesirable”) results • The validity of the meta-analytic approach

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