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ALA List of Most Frequently Challenged Books 1990-2000. First Amendment. First Amendment
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First Amendment First Amendment Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press; or the right of the people to peaceably assemble, and to petition the Government for a redress of grievances. • Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press; or the right of the people to peaceably assemble, and to petition the Government for a redress of grievances.
Board of Education, Island Trees Union Free School District vs. Pico • Supreme Court examined book censorship in school libraries. • The Board of Education removed 11 books from the school library: • Slaughter House 5, Soul on Ice, A Hero Ain’t Nothin’ But a Sandwich, A Reader for Writers: A Critical Anthology of Prose Reading, The Best Short Stories by Negro Writers, Down These Mean Streets, and The Fixer.
The Court held that as centers for voluntary inquiry and the dissemination of information and ideas, school libraries enjoy a special affinity with the rights of free speech and press. • Therefore, the Board of Education could not restrict the availability of books in its libraries simply because its members disagreed with their idea content. • The School Board contended these titles were: Anti- American, Anti-Christian, Anti-Semitic, and just plain filthy.
Challenged materials at Francis Howell School District Any resident or employee of the school district may challenge books used in a school’s educational program based on appropriateness. Parents have the right to restrict materials from their own children. If a book is to be challenged the person must fill out a formal complaint form and give it to the Superintendent.
A Reconsideration Committee is established to reevaluate of the resource. The Committee is selected by the Superintendent. The Superintendent is the Chairperson of the Committee.
The committee includes the following members: • 2 teachers from the school • 2 students (high school only) • 2 librarians (1 from the school and 1 from another school in the district) • 2 parents • 1 administrator from the school • Other committee members the Chairperson feels are appropriate.
The chairperson is the only member of the Committee to review the complaint form initially. All committee members are allowed to review the complaint form after they read the challenged book.
-Read the book and critical reviews; -Weigh positives and negatives and form opinions based on the material as a whole rather than on passages or sections taken out of context; -Discuss the book in the context of the educational program; -The major criterion for the final decision is the appropriateness of the material for its intended educational use.
All reconsideration committee decisions are sent to the Board of Education at a regularly scheduled meeting. The questioner or any community member may appeal any decision of the committee in writing to the Board of Education for a final review panel.
Your Job • •A book in the FHHS library has been challenged. • •You must read the book with a partner. • •Find reputable reviews about the book, what do the experts say about the book. • Investigate the reasons the title was challenged. • Has this book won any awards, which awards. • •Weigh the positives and negatives and form opinions based on the material as a whole. • Create a book trailer that highlights the reasons why the book was banned.
Works Cited • “The 100 Most Frequently Challenged Books of 1990 to 2000.” American Library Association. http://www.ala.org/ala/oif/bannedbooksweek/bbwlinks/100mostfrequently.htm (9 Sept 2005). • “Board of Education, Island Trees Union Free School District vs. Pico.” Tours Bringing Law to Life. http://www.tourolaw.edu/patch/Pico/#op (9 Sept 2005). • Francis Howell School District. Francis Howell School District Board Policies. St. Charles, MO. 2002 • “Island Trees Update.”School Library Journal. 27 Jan 1978:10. • Lindlaw, Thompson. “US. Constitution: First Amemdent.” Find Law For Legal Professional. http://caselaw.lp.findlaw.com/data/constitution/amendment01/ (9 Sept 2005).
The Impact of Hazelwood On School Publications • Read the background overview • “Some believe, though, that the “basic educational mission” of a school is not easily defined and thus subject to wide interpretation and even abuse, and by not granting public-forum status to school expression, great latitude is afforded school administrators to censor what they deem unacceptable.” Agree or Disagree?