MUON COLLIDER: R&D Status & Opportunities for Participation FNAL, February 24, 2011

1. MUON COLLIDER: R&D Status & Opportunities for Participation FNAL, February 24, 2011 m+ m- n Motivation & Overview Steve Geer Accelerator R&D Vladimir Shiltsev Physics & Detector Studies Ron Lipton

2. DECISION TREE Pierre Oddone Steve Geer FNAL W&C 24 February, 2011

3. MOTIVATION • If we can build a muon collider, it is an attractive multi-TeV lepton collider option because muons don’t radiate as readily as electrons (mm / me ~ 207): • - COMPACT Fits on laboratory site • - MULTI-PASS ACCELERATION • Cost Effective operation & construction • - MULTIPASS COLLISIONS IN A RING (~1000 turns) Relaxed emittance requirements & hence relaxed tolerances- NARROW ENERGY SPREADPrecision scans, kinematic constraints • - TWO DETECTORS (2 IPs)-DTbunch ~ 10 ms … (e.g. 4 TeV collider) • Lots of time for readout Backgrounds don’t pile up • -(mm/me)2= ~40000 • Enhanced s-channel rates for Higgs-like particles A 4 TeV Muon Collider wouldfit on the Fermilab Site COST PHYSICS Steve Geer FNAL W&C 24 February, 2011

4. ENERGY SPREAD Beamstrahlung in any e+e- collider E/E  2 Steve Geer FNAL W&C 24 February, 2011

5. PRECISION SCANS Lucie Linssen, SPC, 15/6/2009 ENERGY SCAN m+m-with ISR+BStr (Eichten) e+e- with ISR e+e- with ISR+BStr Steve Geer FNAL W&C 24 February, 2011

6. CHALLENGES • Muons are produced as tertiary particles. To make enough of them we must start with a MW scale proton source & target facility. • Muons decay  everything must be done fast and we must deal with the decay electrons (& neutrinos for CM energies above ~3 TeV). • Muons are born within a large 6D phase-space. For a MC we must cool them by O(106) before they decay  New cooling technique (ionization cooling) must be demonstrated, and it requires components with demanding performance (NCRF in magnetic channel, high field solenoids.) • After cooling, beams still have relatively large emittance. Steve Geer FNAL W&C 24 February, 2011

7. MUON COLLIDER SCHEMATIC √s = 1.5 TeV Circumference = 2.75 kmL = 1×1034cm-2s-1m/bunch = 2x1012 s(p)/p = 0.1% eN = 25 mm b * = 1cm Proton source: Upgraded PROJECT X (~4 MW, 2±1 ns long bunches) 1021muons per year that fit within the acceptance of an accelerator Steve Geer FNAL W&C 24 February, 2011

8. Muon Collider cf. Neutrino Factory NEUTRINOFACTORY MUONCOLLIDER In present MC baseline design, Front End is same as for NF Steve Geer FNAL W&C 24 February, 2011

9. PROGRESSOVER THE LAST DECADE • Successful completion of NF feasibility studies 1, 2, 2a, & International Scoping Study; launching of the ongoing International Design Study for a NF (IDS-NF). • Successful demonstration of the target technology (MERIT: Mercury jet in 15T solenoid hit by intense beam) • Conceptual development & simulation of a complete, self-consistent, muon cooling scheme (further conceptual development probably needed). • Built a unique accelerator R&D facility (MuCool Test Area) at end of FNAL Linac for testing cooling channel components. • Launching of MICE: international ionization cooling experiment at RAL. • First multi-TeVMuon Collider ring design & magnet concepts (to operate in decay background environment) • First detector background studies (10 years ago), & launching of 2nd generation of studies (now). Steve Geer FNAL W&C 24 February, 2011

10. PROGRESS (continued) With a 4MW proton source, this will enable O(1021) muons/year to be produced, bunched, & cooled (by a factor O(10) ) to fit within the acceptance of an accelerator. 32m 57m 36m 100m Neuffer Palmer Have developed & simulated a self consistent cooling scheme that can yield the required O(106) cooling factor. Some of the components needed for these schemes are beyond state-of-art, require (bench-top-type) R&D, with perhaps some new inventions along the way. Steve Geer FNAL W&C 24 February, 2011

11. THE MAP INITIATIVE IN THE U.S.(http://map.fnal.gov) • Oct 1, 2009 letter from Denis Kovar to FNAL Director: “Our office believes that it is timely to mount a concerted national R&D program that addresses the technical challenges and feasibility issues relevant to the capabilities needed for future Neutrino Factory and multi-TeVMuon Collider facilities. ...” • Letter requested a new organization for a national Muon Collider & Neutrino Factory R&D program, hosted at FNAL. MuonAccelerator Program Organization is now in place & functioning: 214 participants at birth from 14 institutions: • ANL, BNL, FNAL, Jlab, LBNL, ORNL, SLAC, Cornell, IIT, Princeton, UCB, UCLA, UCR, U-Miss • MAP R&D proposal reviewed August 2010 … committee concluded that the “proposed work was very important to the field of high energy physics.” Steve Geer FNAL W&C 24 February, 2011

12. MUON COLLIDER “6 YEAR” R&D PLAN Deliver a Design Study to enable the community to judge the feasibility of a multi-TeVMC, including: (i) an end-to-end simulation of a MC complex based on technologies in-hand or that can be developed with a specified R&D program. (ii) hardware R&D and experimental tests to guide & validate the design work. (iii) Rough cost range. NOW MC Design Feasibility Study 7 MUON COLLIDER PROPOSAL 7. System Prototype 6 6. Sub-System Beam Tests 5 5. Semi-realistic sub-systems 4 4. Early sub-system Bench Tests 3 3. Component R&D 2 2. Technical Concept 1 1. Basic Idea Ring 6D Cooling Acceleration Final Cooling Initial Cooling Bunch / Phase Target & Dump Pre-Acceleration Steve Geer FNAL W&C 24 February, 2011

13. ORGANIZATION/FUNDING EVOLUTION First ~10 years Now(FY10/11) FY07 – FY09 ≥FY11 NFMCC + MCTF NFMCC Interim MAP MAP ~4 M$ ~9 M$ ~10 M$ ~15 M$ (requested) Steve Geer FNAL W&C 24 February, 2011

14. PARTICIPATION • Progress so far has been made by a combination of particle & accelerator scientists & engineers from labs & universities. • The ongoing R&D challenges include: • Understanding how to get high-gradient RF cavities operating in external magnetic fields (bench tests and beam tests). • Understanding how to make very high filed solenoids using HTS. • Designing, building & testing sections of an ionization cooling channel. • Simulating the accelerator complex & understanding the required component performance. • Simulating detector backgrounds and understanding detector requirements … inventing detector solutions as needed. • These activities provide opportunities to invent new things & make high-impact contributions. Steve Geer FNAL W&C 24 February, 2011

15. http://conferences.fnal.gov/muon11/ Steve Geer FNAL W&C 24 February, 2011

16. To learn more, feel free to contact any of us. Also: http://map.fnal.gov/ Accelerator R&D Vladimir Shiltsev Physics & Detector Studies Ron Lipton Steve Geer FNAL W&C 24 February, 2011