Week 6 – Official Multiculturalism in Canada

1. Week 6 – Official Multiculturalism in Canada Canada-Building, Immigrant Governance, Institutional Inclusivity

3. MC IN PERSPECTIVE • Centrality to Canada • Popularity and Support • Hostility • Significance – a governance shift • The good, the bad, the inbetween and the indiff • Challenges - inclusive - depoliticize - problem and/or solution

4. PUTTING MC INTO CANADIAN CONTEXT • Immigration and MC - MC as Immigration Governance • Challenges to Canada Building = ‘Managing’ diffs - constructing community etc. - living together with differences, equitably and in dignity - making Canada safe for, safe from, differences • Official MC = Political Act… • A sense of perspective – aspirational / create inclusive

5. Models of MC as Governance

6. Is Canada a MC Society? • Depends on level of meaning • Fact • Ideology • Policy • Practice • Counter hegemony

7. Multiculturalism as Policy: Phases

8. 1971 POLICY STATEMENT • Assist cultural groups who want to share • Assist group members to overcome discrim/cultural barriers for participation • Promote creative encounters to advance national identity • Assist learning official language to promote involvment

9. Canada’s MC Model DEBUNKING MYTHS Not promote: -ethnicity, celebration, group rights -communities/ghettoes, separation, -anything goes relativism

10. What Messages Are Conveyed by MC Promotes/Aspires to Inclusive social climate - no one excluded (inclusivity/get in/citizenship) - everyone = similar treatment, but… (liberal universalism) - removing disadvantage (social justice not cultural diversity - people can be different/Canada receptive to diversity but DEPOLITICIZE Diffs + LIMITS (drawing the line). “You can be Lithuanian, but you are always a Lithuanian in Canada” - institutional neutrality - integration – 2 way process/MAINSTREAM - reform, not transform - Canada building

11. CANADA’S MC MODEL • Political act • For immigrants (to get in) • Inclusivity • Social justice • MAINSTREAM • Citizenship/citizenization • Depoliticizing differences • Drawing the line • - not break law, violate rights, contravene constitution guarantees • Liberal universalism • Incremental not transformative • Canada building

12. What MC is Really Saying/Doing • “ruling elites controlling unruly ethnics” • Political ploy… • Hegemony / Masks racism etc • Vested interests vs Canada building • Inclusivity for social control • Depoliticizing Differences for social stability • Status quo with a dash of ‘culture’

13. Criticism of MC PROBLEM/COST SOLUTION/BENEFIT • Divisive unifying • Ghettoizing Inclusive • Uncanadian Canada building • Extremism depoliticize • Hoax as Hegemony improve integration • Political Correctness civility • Nb distinctions – what says, what really, what consequences • Is it working? – criteria? / Other factors • Vision of Canada • Scapegoated for societal ills

14. Sociological models of society and MC

15. Canadian Attitudes toward MC • Generally Positive • But….strings attached. • Confusion/Misunderstanding/indifference

16. Transatlantic Differences • MC flourishes in Canada? • MC rejected in Europe? • Why differ from Europe? • What is Canada’s MC model? • What is Europe’s MC Model?