Cloud Technological Perspectives [“A Dawn of many new p ossibilities”]

1. Cloud Technological Perspectives[“A Dawn of many new possibilities”] Sunil Vallamkonda April 2011 Cloud Technologies by Sunil Vallamkonda

2. Coverage • What it is • What it is not • Terminology • Generic: not based on any specific vendor • Introduction and open discussion Cloud Technologies by Sunil Vallamkonda

3. Hype • “Who wouldn’t want to live in a cloud ? The term is a perfect marketing buzzword for server industry..” • “Marketing folks know how to play to the dreams of server farm admins who spend all day in overgrown shell scripts and impenetrable acronyms” • Means many things to many people – confusing messages to offerings • Filled complete with hype and lot of confusing jargon Cloud Technologies by Sunil Vallamkonda

4. Myths • Means many things to many people – confusing messages to offerings. • Cloud computing was not born yesterday. • Evolution: from mainframe to distributed shared client-server models to virtualization of x86 and networking bandwidth and security advances . • Dell defines the cloud as a model for enabling convenient, on-demand network access to a shared pool of configurable computing resources (e.g., networks, servers, storage, applications, and services) that can be rapidly provisioned and released with minimal management effort or service provider interaction. Cloud Technologies by Sunil Vallamkonda

5. What it is • It is IT requirement: capacity on the fly, avoid licensing and infra overhead etc. • Helps reduce capital IT costs, increase employee productivity, reliable, save travel/ship costs, insurances etc. • Workload shift to Networks – it is “CLOUD” • Paradigm shift: ‘hosted services over internet’ • Early state of deployments • Easy: Ease of use and seamless • Number of vendors, analysts, customers • Global, remote and real-time: also grid advantage. Cloud Technologies by Sunil Vallamkonda

6. What it is not • Panacea: It is not a one solution fits all. • “Not a magic wonderland of carefree computing” • Not a fork-lift: Traditional apps may need to rework/reintegrate. • “No-free-lunch”: needs collaboration, new tools, learning curve, etc. Cloud Technologies by Sunil Vallamkonda

7. Benefits • Virtually unlimited processing and storage capacity • Abstracted, pooled resources • Elasticity (the ability to scale up or down easily) • On-demand, self-service provisioning • High level of automation • Consumption-based billing • Multi-tenancy Cloud Technologies by Sunil Vallamkonda

8. Terminology • Agility • API • Cost • Multi-tenancy • Reliability • Scalability • Performance • Security • Maintenance • Thin provisioning Cloud Technologies by Sunil Vallamkonda

9. Accelerators • Virtualization that underlies: is dynamic and allows high rate of change • Distributed computing • High-speed internet • Economy • Timing - Andreessen: “ the world wasn’t ready for cloud computing” • Vendors wooing Cloud Technologies by Sunil Vallamkonda

10. Layers Cloud Technologies by Sunil Vallamkonda

11. Model layers • Core is ‘cloud delivery’ • Implementation aspects: public vs private Cloud Technologies by Sunil Vallamkonda

12. Cloud Structures • Private Clouds: - hosted by internal IT or external. - for internal (enterprise) consumption only. • Public Clouds: - open to many orgs and users on shared basis. - lower capex costs, massively scalable • Hybrid Clouds: - extra resources when private hits max. - could be split e.g., DB server internal and App server is external. Cloud Technologies by Sunil Vallamkonda

13. Deployment and control Cloud Technologies by Sunil Vallamkonda

14. Cloud: Bird’s eye view Cloud Technologies by Sunil Vallamkonda

15. Delivery Models • SaaS – Software As A ServiceEssentially based on the concept of renting application functionality from a service provider rather than buying, installing and running software yourself. Offerings within this range from services such as Salesforce.com at one end, delivering the equivalent of a complete application suite, to players like MessageLabs at the other, whose services are designed to complement your operational infrastructure. • PaaS– Platform As A ServicePlatform as a service (PaaS), which is all about providing, a platform in the cloud, upon which applications can be developed and executed. Players like Google, again Salesforce.com (this time with Force.com), and Microsoft (with Azure) exist in this space. Facilities provided include things like database management, security, workflow management, application serving, and so on. • IaaS– Infrastructure As A ServiceInfrastructure as a service (IaaS). The proposition here is the offering of compute power and storage space on demand. - NaaS • The difference between this and the other two categories of cloud is that the software that executes is essentially yours. In practical terms, the model is based on the same principles of virtualisation that we are all familiar with in the context of server partitioning or flexible storage. Rather than running a virtual image on a partition existing on a physical server in your data centre, you spin it up on a virtual machine that you have created in the cloud. Virtual disks can be created in a similar manner, to deal with the storage side of things. Cloud Technologies by Sunil Vallamkonda

16. Taxonomy Cloud Technologies by Sunil Vallamkonda

17. Categories Cloud Technologies by Sunil Vallamkonda

18. Vendors • SaaS: salesforce.com, google apps, zoho office, etc. • Utility vendors: Amazon, SUN, IBM, Microsoft, etc. Elastic server, LiquidQ, Applogic etc. • WebSaaS: Google maps, ADP payroll, Bloomberg, credit card services, etc. • PaaS: Force.com, Mashup Platforms, dapper.net • MSP: (like virus scan, AppMonitor): SecureWorks, Verizon, CenterDream, etc. • Service Commerce Platforms (SaaS): Rearden Commerce, Ariba (examples: hub – expense management systems) Cloud Technologies by Sunil Vallamkonda

19. Tools Offerings • FOSS – unsupported: Nagios, MediaWiki, Cacti • FOSS – supported: JumpBox • Commercial offerings: Amazon, Azure, etc. Cloud Technologies by Sunil Vallamkonda

20. Cloud Life Cycle Cloud Technologies by Sunil Vallamkonda

21. Cloud Technologies by Sunil Vallamkonda

22. SLA • Contractual agreement by service provider and consumer • Defines level of service, responsibilities, priorities and guarantees wrt availability, performance etc. • No published standard as of today – vendor specific. • TMForum, SLA@SOI and others at work. Cloud Technologies by Sunil Vallamkonda

23. SLA Process Cloud Technologies by Sunil Vallamkonda

24. Cloud: How-to • Revolutionary: customs systems an DC architecture, “cloud native” apps – build failure in design (RAID)- and green • Evolutionary: migrate existing apps – retrofit in cloud for scale, vested interest in legacy apps, using virtualization add layers around. Cloud Technologies by Sunil Vallamkonda

25. Sample landscape vendor portfolio Cloud Technologies by Sunil Vallamkonda

26. Challenges • Standards • Security • Privacy • Identity theft • Compliance • SLAs • Global challenges • Backup and recovery • Business Intelligence • Interface (inter vendor) complexity Cloud Technologies by Sunil Vallamkonda

27. Profit/Loss • Who Gains: - consulting: HP/IBM/SAVVIS, etc. - s/w producers: MS, MSFT, RNOW, TLEO, etc. - Internet based: GOOG, CSCO, YHOO, MSFT, AMZN, etc. - Infra/tools vendors: Telecity, EQIX etc. Network is the Key ! (CISCO !!) • Who loses: - Traditionals: ORCL, SAP, etc. Cloud Technologies by Sunil Vallamkonda

28. Summary • Definitions and relationships are evolving. • Cloud provider and consumers exchange set of resource blocks (C, N, S). • They have certain expectations with this interaction (manageability, security, SLA, analytics, etc.) – for a beneficial business (billing, metering). • Processes need to be hardened and models will intersect and transition. Cloud Technologies by Sunil Vallamkonda

29. Strategy to Cloud • “Not all Clouds are equal” • Should be Business biased and not technology. • Be Application specific and off existing operations : don’t be “me too”. • “Think small but plan big” • Evaluate cloud options Cloud Technologies by Sunil Vallamkonda

30. Research and Orgs • Commercial: HP, Intel, Yahoo, IBM, Google, MS, VMWare • Open Cirrus • NSF, NIST, • IEEE, IETF • Academic Institutions • Cloud Security Alliance • DMTF (Distributed Management Task Force) Cloud Technologies by Sunil Vallamkonda

31. Analysts talk Forrester's Staten says. "Even if IT can't justify leveraging clouds, your business units will," he notes in the report's conclusion. "Cloud is a compelling business proposition, infrastructure they can provision with a credit card, with low barriers to entry and to exit. Rather than block their efforts, learn from them." Cloud Technologies by Sunil Vallamkonda

32. References (not limited to) • Research Papers • Cloud Computing • Cloud Connect • CLOUD • IEEE • Websites: IBM, HP, Dell, Microsoft, Google, Salesforce.com, Cisco, etc. • ISV/Vendor sites: Imaginea etc. • ISACA Cloud Technologies by Sunil Vallamkonda

33. Q&A Contact info: sunil_vall@yahoo.com Cloud Technologies by Sunil Vallamkonda

34. Backup slides Cloud Technologies by Sunil Vallamkonda