Essential Questions: How does knowing about the digestive system process help me?

1. Essential Questions: • How does knowing about the digestive system process help me? • In what ways can my knowledge about eating disorders help me to make better decisions in my life? Enduring Understanding • Students will understand that knowing about the digestive system process can help them to have a healthy lifestyle. • Students will understand that eating disorders are dangerous to their healthy but they are also treatable.

2. Digestive System The group of organs that work together to break down foods into substances that your cells can use A digestive juice produced by the salivary glands in your mouth Saliva A gland that helps the small intestine by producing a blend of enzymes that break down carbohydrates and fats Pancreas LiverA digestive gland that secretes a substance called bile, which helps to digest fats

3. How Your Body Digests Food Digestion begins in your mouth. digestion The process by which the body breaks down food into smaller pieces that can be absorbed by the blood and sent to each cell in your body

4. How Your Body Digests Food Food is processed in your body by the digestive system. digestive system The group of organs that work together to break down foods into substances that your cells can use

5. Where Does Digestion Begin? When you crush food with your teeth, saliva mixes with the food. Amylase, an enzyme in saliva, begins breaking down carbohydrates in the food. saliva A digestive juice produced by the salivary glands in your mouth enzyme A substance that aids in the body’s chemical reactions

6. Where Does Digestion Begin?

7. Your Digestive Organs The liver and pancreas are two important organs in the digestive system. liver A digestive gland that secretes a substance called bile, which helps to digest fats pancreas A gland that helps the small intestine by producing pancreatic juice, a blend of enzymes that breaks down proteins, carbohydrates, and fats

8. Your Digestive Organs After you swallow, food moves into your esophagus, then into your stomach, then into the small intestines. small intestines A coiled tube from 20 to 23 feet long, in which about 90 percent of digestion takes place

9. Your Digestive Organs The colon is the last stop for solid food the body can’t digest. colon A tube five to six feet in length that plays a part in both digestion and excretion Any water, vitamins, minerals, and salts left in the food mixture are absorbed by the colon.

11. DO NOW • What is digestion? • What is the basic pathway that foods make inside of your body?

12. This is the basic pathway that foods make inside of your body. MOUTH ESOPHAGUS STOMACH SMALL INTESTINE LARGE INTESTINE

13. Removing Wastes Excretion is a process of the excretory system. excretion The process the body uses to get rid of waste excretory system The group of organs that work together to remove wastes The excretory system also controls the body’s water levels.

14. Removing Wastes The kidneys help in the production of red blood cells and the regulation of blood pressure. kidneys Organs that remove waste material, including salts, from the blood The bladder stores urine until it is ready to be passed out of the body.

15. Removing Wastes Your body’s solid wastes are called feces, which are stored in the colon until that organ becomes full. Strong muscles in the wall of the colon begin to contract, which is a signal that the colon must be emptied.

16. Digestive System Video National Geographic

17. Review TimeDirections: Write down the questions below and answer them on your folder. You have 3 minutes to do it. • What are the names of the chemicals produced by the digestive system? • What is the main role of enzymes? • What is the average length of an adult human being small intestine?

18. Answers 1. What are the names of the chemicals produced by the digestive system? The names of the chemicals are enzymes 2. What is the main role of enzymes? Their main role is to break down the food 3. What is the average length of an adult human being small intestine? It averages from 20 to 25 feet long.

19. Essential Questions: • In what ways can my knowledge about eating disorders help me to make better decisions in my life? Enduring Understanding • Students will understand that eating disorders are dangerous to their healthy but they are also treatable.

20. Video • National Eating Disorder Awareness Week

21. Extreme eating behaviors that can lead to serious illness or even death • eating disorders An eating disorder in which a person strongly fears gaining weight and starves herself or himself • anorexia nervosa An eating disorder in which a person repeatedly eats large amounts of food and then purges • bulimia nervosa

22. True or False • About 90 percent of the teens with eating disorders are female. • People with eating disorders may deny that they have a problem.

23. The Benefits of a Healthy Weight Being within a healthy weight range is important for wellness and helps you have a positive body image.

24. Being Overweight Being Underweight Increases risk of: Increases risk of: • High blood pressure • Cardiovascular disease • Type 2 diabetes • Cancer • Bone and muscle damage • Slow development • Fatigue • Immunity problems • Moodiness The Benefits of a Healthy Weight

25. Eating Disorders People who feel bad about themselves or are depressed are more likely to develop eating disorders. eating disorders Extreme eating behaviors that can lead to serious illness or even death • About 90 percent of the teens with eating disorders are female. • People with eating disorders may deny that they have a problem.

26. Anorexia Nervosa People with anorexia nervosa believe they are overweight even if they are very thin. anorexia nervosa An eating disorder in which a person strongly fears gaining weight and starves herself or himself Anorexia can cause blood pressure to drop and heart damage.

27. Bulimia Nervosa People with bulimia nervosa may purge themselves by throwing up, using laxatives, or over exercising. bulimia nervosa An eating disorder in which a person repeatedly eats large amounts of food and then purges Bulimia can damage the colon, liver, kidneys, esophagus, and teeth.

28. Binge Eating Binge eating is also called compulsive overeating. binge eating A disorder in which a person repeatedly eats too much food at a time Binge eating can lead to weight gain, heart disease, diabetes, and some types of cancer.

29. Tips for Maintaining a Healthy Weight Balance the caloriesyou eat with the calories your body burns. Choose healthful foodsand stay physically active. Drink plenty of water. Only eat when you arehungry. Use the MyPyramid asyour guide.

30. Video • Eating Disorder PSA

31. Chapter 4 Nutrition Lesson 2 Creating a Healthy Eating Plan Click for: >> Main Menu >> Chapter 4 Assessment Next >> Teacher’s notes are available in the notes section of this presentation.

32. Essential Questions: Are we what we eat? How come do some people eat very unhealthy and they still look very skinny and healthy? In this lesson, students will understand that • the USDA’s MyPlate can help them to make healthful food choices. • there are factors that determine a person’s nutrient needs and food choices.

33. The process of taking in food and using it for energy, growth, and good health • nutrition A guide for developing a healthful eating plan • MyPlate Nutrient dense Having a high amount of nutrients relative to the number of calories

34. The USDA’s MyPyramid Good nutrition allows your body to grow and function in a healthy way. nutrition The process of taking in food and using it for energy, growth, and good health

35. The USDA’s MyPyramid The USDA created the MyPlate food guidance system to help you make healthful food choices. MyPlate food guidance system A guide for developing a healthful eating plan

37. How to Meet Your Nutrient Needs MyPlate makes recommendations on calorie consumption. calorie A unit of heat that measures the energy available in foods The MyPlate suggestions are based on your age, gender, and level of physical activity.

38. How to Meet Your Nutrient Needs

39. Eat a Variety of Foods You can’t get all the nutrients your body needs from just one food group. Try to get 45 to 65 percent of you food calories from carbohydrates, especially from low-fat, nutrient-rich foods.

40. Influences on Food Choices Influences on Food Choices Look Feel Smell Taste Familiarity Culture Peers Land Climate Local Agriculture Media Cost Convenience

41. Healthful Eating Habits Tips for creating healthful eating habits include: • Eat a variety of food from all the food groups in the recommended amounts. • Keep the amount of high-fat or sugary foods to a minimum. • Don’t skip meals.

42. Begin the Day with a Healthful Breakfast By the time you wake up in the morning, you may have gone 10 to 12 hours without eating. If you start your day with a healthful breakfast, you will have energy for later in the day.

43. Begin the Day with a Healthful Breakfast • Eat foods that are high in complex carbohydrates • Oatmeal with fruit and milk, or eggs and toast • Consider a bean burrito • Beans are high in protein and fiber • Drink a glass of low-fat milk and orange juice • Take breakfast with you if you are in a hurry • String cheese, yogurt, fruit, whole-grain bagel

44. Packing a Healthful Lunch • If you eat a sandwich, use whole-grain bread • Consider a salad and choose fat-free dressing • Cheese sticks or yogurt will give you protein and calcium • A cereal bar will give you carbohydrates • Eat fruit • Drink unsweetened fruit juice or bottled water

45. Smart Snacking When snacking, choose foods that are nutrient dense. Nutrient dense Having a high amount of nutrients relative to the number of calories • Examples of nutrient dense foods include: • A fruit smoothie made with yogurt • A peanut butter sandwich with bananas on whole-wheat bread

46. Keeping Foods Safe Cook foods thoroughly. Separate raw, cooked, and ready-to-eat foods. Keep your hands, utensils, and surfaces clean. Follow directions. When in doubt, throw it out.

47. Chapter 4 Nutrition Lesson 1 Nutrients forGood Health Click for: >> Main Menu >> Chapter 4 Assessment Next >> Teacher’s notes are available in the notes section of this presentation.

48. Essential Questions: 1. In what ways can nutrients play an important role in my life? 2. How come some people know that nutritious foods are important for their lives and they still choose to eat unhealthy foods? In this lesson, students will understand that • there are different nutrient groups your body needs to be healthy. • good nutrition brings a lot of health benefits to their lives. • It is very important to analyzethe information on a Nutrition Facts label.

49. Essential Questions: How does understanding nutrition labels influence my personal decisions? In this lesson, students will understand that • being able to analyze nutrition labels can help them to make better personal decisions. • every food has its own nutrients and it is important to know them in order to become wiser consumers.

50. Substances in foods that your body needs to grow, have energy, and stay healthy • nutrients The starches and sugars found in foods • carbohydrates Nutrients that promote normal growth, give you energy, and keep your skin healthy • fats The nutrient group used to build and repair cells • protein Compounds that help to regulate body processes • vitamins