URBANIZATION OF POVERTY AND ACCESS TO LAND

1. UPA Package 2, Module 1 URBANIZATION OF POVERTY AND ACCESS TO LAND 2.1 Urbanization of poverty and access to Iand

2. Why Study? • Knowing the trend of the urbanization of poverty and the UN’s response for it • Understanding the importance of access to land in urban poverty alleviation • Understanding the pro poor land management for poverty alleviation 2.1 Urbanization of poverty and access to Iand

3. Urbanization of Poverty Rapid urbanization, with the increase of urban poor 2.1.1 Urbanization of Poverty

4. Urbanization of Poverty 2.1.1 Urbanization of Poverty

5. Urbanization of Poverty Banks of the Jukskei River,Alexandra, Johannesburg, 2002 2.1.1 Urbanization of Poverty

6. Urbanization of Poverty Lagos, Nigeria 2.1.1 Urbanization of Poverty

7. Urbanization of Poverty 2.1.1 Urbanization of Poverty

8. Urbanization of Poverty Ribeira Azul, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil 2.1.1 Urbanization of Poverty

9. Response from UN In 1978, the establishment of United Nations Centre for Human Settlements (UNCHS) In 1996, City Summit - Two main goals: Sustainable human settlements development & Adequate shelter for all In September 2000, Millennium Declaration - Target 11 of Goal No. 7 2.1.1 Urbanization of Poverty

10. Response from UN Millennium Declaration, -- the United Nations’ development agenda • Goal 7. Ensure environmental sustainability • Target 11. Achieve significant improvement in lives of • at least 100 mil-lion slum dwellers, by 2020 2.1.1 Urbanization of Poverty

11. Land and the Importance of Access to Land • Land is a key component of the wealth of any nation. And the land access and use plays an important role in • strategies for sustainable poverty reduction. • Secure land rights are not only important because of the investment incentives they provide but are also critical • for the ability to exchange land. • Most of UN-HABITAT’s programs are designed to allocate land and property by taking into account the needs of the poor, equal access to land, fair distribution, gender equality and partnerships with the slum dwellers • themselves. 2.1.2 Land, Legal Access to Land for the Urban Poor

12. Legal access to Land for the Urban Poor • The provision of shelter and the development of sustainable human settlements require legal access to land. • Secure tenure can come from aspects and instruments other than formal laws. • It is necessary to review what we consider to be legal tenure if we are to integrate the poor into cities, and to consider a range of tenure options that are more accessible to the poor and that can be used to develop more secure tenure incrementally as costs and affordability allows. 2.1.2 Land, Legal Access to Land for the Urban Poor

13. Legal access to Land for the Urban Poor Idea of a continuum of land rights 2.1.2 Land, Legal Access to Land for the Urban Poor

14. Review on Land Management System The importance of land management for urban poverty alleviation: During the last decade, there has been a clear recognition of the importance of urban land management in helping to alleviate urban poverty in the developing countries. 2.1.3 Pro-poor Land Management System

15. Pro-Poor Land Management • Making the poor visible, legal citizens of the city. • Enabling the settlements where they live to be included in city planning. • Developing standards and procedures for securing tenure, building houses and providing services that the poor find accessible and affordable. The purpose of pro-poor land management system would be: 2.1.3 Pro-poor Land Management System