Common IOOS Benefits …a personal view

1. Common IOOS Benefits…a personal view Steven W. Lyons The Weather Channel

2. Personal view, personal bias? Who am I? • Grew up surfing (personal sector) • Marine studies/forecasts (private sector) • Navy research scientist (public sector) • Research scientist GFDL (public sector) • Wave/surf forecaster (private sector) • Professor (private sector) • NWS trainer (public sector) • NHC forecaster (public sector) • The Weather Channel (private sector)

3. From Oceans US Benefits • Detecting and forecasting oceanic components of climate variability • Facilitating safe and efficient marine operations • Ensuring national security • Managing resources for sustainable use • Preserving and restoring healthy marine ecosystems • Mitigating natural hazards • Ensuring public health

4. OUTLINE • 1) Diversity of Marine Users & Data • 2) Diversity of Marine Needs • 3) Common IOOS Benefits

5. 1) Diversity of Marine Users & Data

6. The Private Sector is Diverse • 1) Instrument makers • 2) Instrument users • 3) Data collectors • 4) Data processors • 5) Data users • 6) Real-time data users • 7) Non-real time users • 8) Data Value adders • 9) Applied users • 10) Research users • 11) Individual users

7. Private Sector Ocean Data Users Are Highly Diverse! • Oil Companies • Shipping Companies • Ship Routing Companies • Cruise Ship Companies • Airline Companies • The Media • Fishing Companies • Stock Traders • Chemical Companies • Sewage Treatment Companies • Salvage Companies • Travel Agencies • Ocean Recreation Companies • Coastal Engineers • Air & Water Pollution Companies • The General Public, etc.

8. CONCLUSION • MARINE DATA USERS ARE DIVERSE

9. 2) Diversity of Marine Data Needs

10. Data “types” within the private sector are highly varied! • Government data • Military data (private) • Public data • Private data • Modified/value-add data • Modified disseminated data • Compiled data

11. Many applications of “base data” are highly varied and diverse • Many of the required “base data” are redundant • NWS marine survey: local customers preferred observations to forecasts because they were more “reliable” than forecasts and most customers data use was short term (hours)!

12. Much of the Private Sector is “Value Add” • Many cannot afford to collect data themselves • Many make money on data repackage/dissemination • Many make money modifying data to “products” • Many make money on modified “services” • Some have spent much money to value add to existing “public data” for applied products and services (Insurance Industry is a good example of this), the result is confidential data that may or may not be sold

13. Some companies with confidentiality, competition risks or unique needs take their own observations • Salvage • Oil exploration • Oil drilling • Fishing • Cruise Ships • Energy traders • Forensic • General Public

14. Examples of Basic Data Manipulation • Marine site climatology from basic data • Engineering “quantities” from basic data • Shallow water “quantities” from basic deep water data

15. Value-add is often a unique “trademark” of private sector businesses • Media collection of weather/marine data often a part of customer interactions • Most media makes “sole-source” graphics of data they present, some is value add

16. MARINE SHIPPING Waves (& direction) Wave period Wave steepness Swells Winds Tides Currents Icing Ice bergs Visibility SST? Wave Climatology Wind Climatology Forecasts Some Marine Products Needed Private Sector Users

17. OIL COMPANIES Winds (thresholds) Waves/Swells (thresholds) Wave Periods (thresholds) Maximum waves (climo.) Maximum winds (climo.) Lightning Currents/ Temperatures(multiple levels) Tides Marine Climatology Visibility Weather forecasts Some Marine Products Needed

18. COMMERCIAL FISHING Waves Wave steepness Winds SST Vertical sea temperature Tides Currents Visibility Sonar Icing Ice bergs Forecasts Some Marine Products Needed

19. MARINE RECREATION Waves Wave period Tides (& estuary tides) Breaking waves Swell & direction Lightning SST Vertical sea temperatures Mostly coastal currents Rip currents Air temperature Cloud cover Visibility Water clarity/visibility Biological & chemical hazards Some Marine Products Needed

20. GENERAL PUBLIC LIFEGUARDS Winds Breaking waves & direction Rip Currents SST Air temperature Coastal Currents Cloud cover Lightning Rain Visibility Ocean visibility/turbidity Biological & chemical hazards Some Marine Products Needed

21. Coastal Engineers Building Companies Wave/swell climatology Tide climatology Wind climatology Erosion climatology/history Extreme events climatology/return periods Surge/setup climatology Visibility climatology Some Marine Products Needed

22. TV RADIO INTERNET PHONE Air temperature SST Winds-coastal Breaking waves Visibility Cloud cover Rip Currents Lightning Sea roughness Tides Highs & Lows Some Marine Products Needed

23. SummaryDiversity of Marine Data Needs • Although there are diverse marine data applications and needs, there are many data commonalities • Winds • Waves/Period/Direction • Swells/Period/Direction • SST • Tides • “Weather” IN MANY CASES HIGH SPATIAL & TEMPORAL RESOLUTION MARINE DATA ARE ESSENTIAL

24. Common IOOC Benefits

25. COMMON IOOS BENEFITS • Detecting and forecasting oceanic components of climate variability* • Facilitating safe and efficient marine operations* • Ensuring national security* • Managing resources for sustainable use* • Preserving and restoring healthy marine ecosystems* • Mitigating natural hazards* • Ensuring public health* * private *public* public & private sectors

26. SUMMARY • 1) Diversity of Marine Users & Data (high) • 2) Diversity of Marine Needs (low & high) • 3) Common IOOS Benefits (all can benefit)

27. THE END