AMES Space Science & Astrobiology Division Strategic Plan YIR

1. AMES Space Science & Astrobiology Division Strategic Plan YIR Radiative Transfer Capability (RT_Hub) Participants: S. Vahidinia, J. Cuzzi, R. Lupu, S. Pilorz, M. Marley, T. Roush, E. Sciamma-O’Brien, R. Freedman, L. Bebout, D. Wooden, C. Dalle Ore, A. Ricca, J. Roser, F. Salama, T. Lee, D.W. Schwenke, D. Cruikshank, Daniel Olson, G. Gulick, X. Huang Automated Science AnalysisSystem & co-registered databases

2. AMES Space Science & Astrobiology Division Strategic Plan YIR • Year 1 (2018) progress summary • (none of the progress items have been funded by a RT work package) • Exoplanet atmospheres - RT for aerosols and smart retrievals • Leverage Mars GCM for exoplanets - new NPP • Complex haze model underway • Planetary rings • Monte Carlo/Ray tracing code (BEAM) and image analysis code ready for public distribution • Planetary surfaces - RT for regolith layers • DDSCAT regolith layer code results on reflectivity • Experimental and theoretical studies of solid and gas properties and archiving of refractive indices • New optical constant facility (FTIR - NIR to FIR + R & T accessories) • Near and mid-IR spectra of mixed ices and optical constants (experimental & theoretical) • Optical properties and opacities of gases • Preparation of opacities database for public release with new refractory species • Publicly available line lists for CO2 & SO2 at high temperatures • Automated Sensing Science & Technology Development for Planetary Exploration • New mineral classifier using Raman spectra & neural network for mission support • Building and analyzing mineral, rock, & biosignature sample database for public release

3. AMES Space Science & Astrobiology Division Strategic Plan YIR • Year 1 milestones (2018) • Nucleate cross discipline group – workshop to cross fertilize RT • successes — continued discussions and made contact with RT group at code TN • failures — Did not have regular meetings as a large group • challenges— Need to get RT hub funded to mobilize group and work on gaining visibility. Steady funding for continued workflow is a common challenge among all objectives • Innovate new exoplanet cloud and haze models • successes— new haze model under development • failures— models are not fully integrated. • Challenges — Obtaining and retaining postdocs • Develop reflectivity/emissivity methods for spectra of granular surfaces • successes— BEAM, DDA reflectivity model calculations • failures— DDA emissivity model calculations not completed • Lab & computational datasets • compute gas opacities for hot exoplanets • successes— Opacities have been calculated and integrated into our codes/models • challenges — Data storage, adapting codes to handle increasingly large line lists, inaccuracy of line broadening parameters are continuous challenges • measure optical constants of solids for Titan Pluto analogs • successes— New optical constant facility. Optical constants of ammonia ices. • failures — Vacuum pump failure (now repaired) • challenges— optical constant code incomplete due to lack of experimental data

4. AMES Space Science & Astrobiology Division Strategic Plan YIR Upcoming challenges and plans Lapses in historical baseline funding in FY2019 and FY2020. Hiring To obtain stable, continuous, long-term funding to reach our milestones, we need effective marketing and communication strategies(M&C). To implement effective M&C, we need institutional support, infrastructure, and training specifically focused on marketing and communication. Multilevel problem - communication and visibility in our center, headquarters/decision makers, and beyond. Need to create a marketing team and implement M&C - cultivate relationships with prospective funders Marketing strategy needs to be vertically integrated - meaning - working bottom up - researchers effectively communicate their work on various platforms (social media, website, blog,..etc), which feeds material to marketing team undertaking continuous outreach to center decision makers and headquarters.

5. AMES Space Science & Astrobiology Division Strategic Plan YIR • Milestones – Year 1 (2019) with rollover from 2018 • Nucleate cross discipline group – workshop/meetings to cross fertilize RT & identify new projects • Innovate • Develop and Apply reflectivity methods for spectra of granular surfaces (airless bodies, Saturn’s Rings), Ring Radar observations. Analyze VIMS observations of Plumes of Enceladus. • Consolidate and document surface RT models in common repository (BEAM, DDA, HAPKE) • Lab & computational datasets - establishment of facility at Ames • compute gas opacities for hot exoplanets • measure optical constants of solids for Titan Pluto analogs • Develop & test automated pure mineral spectral classifier on Lunar & Mars relevant rocks • Milestones Years 2-5 (2020-2024) • Automate interface between models and datasets in addition to unified databases facility • Integrate new RT toolsetswith new retrieval methods (JWST) • Expand databases gas opacities, solid optical constants, and co-registered image, IR, Raman databases of minerals, rocks, and biosignatures — cross discipline innovation • Achieve expanded staffing & infrastructurefor RT-hub • Public repositoriesfor code and opacity/material database • Build co-registeredimage, dual or multi-probe Raman, IR instrument system • Develop & test automated multi-mineral spectral classifier on Lunar/Mars relevant rocks • Develop automated science analysis sensing system for co-registered instrument system. • Build Interactive website and develop tools for hosting, viewing, analyzing, & inter-comparing co-registered data sets for community and to support upcoming Lunar and Mars Surface missions • Respond to requests from NASA and community • Milestones Years 5-10 • RT_hub enablesnew discoveries • Apply RT toolset for retrievalof aerosols & habitability • Integratedco-registered databases and science sensing algorithmsonto co-registered instrument system to improve science autonomy in planetary exploration surface missions • Field test co-registered instrument system on mobile platforms planned for future missions • Organize RT workshops across NASA centers and academia • new models for exoplanet clouds and hazes • new project concepts with possible mission involvement (e.g., Lunar surface exploration)