M&E TRAINING Fire Full Hydraulic Calculation - FHC

1. M&E TRAININGFire Full Hydraulic Calculation - FHC by Zach Liew July 2009

2. Overview of Full Hydraulic Calculation From Canute (FHCxx) • Windows Version Current Ver 1.5.5 (Previously from Allan Ashfield) • Used to be called ‘SPRAY’ (Dos Version) • Perform full hydraulic calculation on sprinkler system as well as hydrant system • Input pump curve to fit system design or selection by system demand • Full calculation report can be generated with selective isometric view and plan • Generates data-exchange-format file (*dxf) for converting to CAD drawings

3. When Is Full Hydraulic Calculation Required? • Reduced Sprinkler Water Storage (Must do hydraulic balancing/calculation for every grid – VERY TEDIOUS!!) • Sprinkler flow exceeds 5mm/min per head • Special sprinkler configuration • loop system • in-rack system • deluge system • spray system • gravity feed system • Direct or indirect feed hydrant system • Extra High Hazard Sprinkler System • Most NFPA systems

4. Window version FHC

5. Window version FHC Toolbar

6. Window version FHC Right Click

7. Window version FHC

8. Window version FHC View/Edit Project Data

9. Window version FHC Node Number for every pipe section Start 100 @ Pump

10. Getting Started With FHC • Save working data in designated location (good practice) • Temporary file saved in C:\Program Files\FHC\Projects\ [ProjDirectory]\[Filename.FHC] • All working project data files will be stored here for the time being under separate project folders • FHC system program files are also residing in this directory. DO NOT ATTEMP TO MODIFY OR DELETE ANY SYSTEM FILE • The project files is to be relocated to H:\Engineering Applications\FHC\[Proj Directory]\[Filename.FHC] • Back-up file will be generated automatically with the extension *.BAK • No data management for file compression is needed

11. Getting Started With FHC • Preparation work before calculation • sketch a simple isometric view of the full system starting from pump source to the most remote end of the sprinkler • sketch direction navigator (“compass bearing” N, S, E, W) • establish most unfavourable and most favourable calculation area • insert node number starting from “100” from the pump • incrementing node number (say 105, 110, etc) at every main junction, turn, branch, control valves & flow valve towards calculation area

12. Getting Started With FHC • Preparation work before calculation (Cont’d) • Determine system requirement as follow: • a. discharge density (mm/min) • b. assumed area of operation (m2) • c. hazard group (I, II, III, III special, extra high) • d. Sprinkler head type (diameter of orifice, K-factor, minimum operating pressure) • e. pump characteristic curve (for existing system) • (refer to CP52 for item a to c) • if you have doubt on the above, check with your PE • preliminary sizing of pipe can be done using pre-hydraulic calculation method found in CP52

13. Getting Started With FHC • Preparation work before calculation (Cont’d) • How to determine the “most favourable” and “most unfavourable areas” • a. based on assumed area of operation (AO) • b. normally assumed a square or rectangular area depending the type of fire • square fire - L x L = AO (Not To Be Used) • rectangular fire - L x 1.2L = AO (As per CP52) • hemispherical fire (only in NFPA) • if you have doubt on the above, check with your PE

14. Getting Started With FHC • Preparation work before calculation (Cont’d) • Determine the sprinkler configuration • conventional branch system • loop system • in-rack system • deluge system • spray system • gravity feed system • Measure area of operation for each sprinkler (Reference CP52 Fig 26) • you need to establish the above before you can start your calculation

15. Working With FHC

16. Working With FHC

17. Working With FHC

18. Working With FHC Select Based On Design Requirement

19. Working With FHC For manual input only. Use this section to edit if you know what you are doing. Else, leave it alone!!!

20. U N W E S D Working With FHC • Start drawing the piping network [Drawing>Adding a Pipe>Pipe data ] • Input for node number, pipe length, diameter, slop, direction (N,S,E,W,NE,NW,SE,SW), etc • Select pipe material. Common pipe used are as follows : • [1] Medium Steel pipe to BS 1387 - ø32mm to ø65mm • [2] Heavy Steel pipe to BS 1387 - ø80mm to ø200mm • [3] Galvanised Medium Steel Pipe to BS 1387 - ø32mm to ø65mm • [4] Galvanised Heavy Steel Pipe to BS 1387 - ø80mm to ø200mm • [5] Heavy Weight Steel Pipe to BS3600 - ø150mm to ø250mm • Establish with PE on the type of pipe used

21. Working With FHC Draw > Add Pipe

22. Working With FHC Draw > Add Pipe

23. Working With FHC Try To set SE Elevation View To Maintain North Facing Right Hand Side Click end pipe to add more connections Current View Current Command

24. Working With FHC • Start drawing the piping network (Cont’d) • Drawing>Edit Information on Pipe • to modify pipe input • Drawing>Add Another Pipe • to continue adding a pipe after the last end node • Drawing>Delete on or More Pipe • select function, select pipe and confirm deletion • can perform group deletion by selecting the starting node of pipe upstream to delete • Drawing>Add Another Pipe • to continue adding a pipe after the last end node

25. Working With FHC • Start drawing the piping network (cont’d) • Draw>View Pipe Information • to view all pipe information • selected pipe will turn “yellow” • Drawing>Renumber a node

26. Working With FHC • Start drawing the piping network (Cont’d) • Draw>Break a pipe In two • to break an existing pipe • new node number need not be in sequence

27. Working With FHC • Start drawing the piping network (Cont’d) • Wizard>Tree Planter • used to add sprinkler branch • need to be aware of all the inputs or you’ll need to delete all the branches added and re-do entire process again • program can input tree branches on one-end-side instead of default for two-end-side • remember to include all the “drop” or “rise” on the branches and the distribution pipe in accordance to the actual sprinkler design • program is smart to provide main framework for the tree branches but not smart to input all pipe information • need to edit all pipe information • exclude all tees and elbows for those that can be seen on the isometric view • program can accept a few branches in a piping network

28. Working With FHC • Wizard>Tree Planter • Node number will be assignded automatically

29. Working With FHC Most Unfavourable Area Pump Most Favourable Area

30. Working With FHC • Performing Hydraulic Calculation • Calculate>Specific which heads to operate>Enclose in boxes • normally this function will be used since you have a group of heads to select based on sprinkler heads operation • remember - all the assumed fire is rectangular or square • there are cases where assumed fire is hemispheric - refer to NFPA. These are the case which is more complex and requires individual head selection • Program will indicate all errors found and summarise these errors into the main report • If you see “Reds” in your pipework after calculation, review them and make necessary amendment • some pipework would requires re-sizing after the calculation • recommend to save and exit program before making amendments

31. Working With FHC Selected heads and area shown Start Calculation -> Select and hit F12 to calculate

32. Working With FHC • Fill options before calculating Input minimum and maximum allowable water velocity and maximum pressure drop through pipe If you are not sure, don’t input. Leave it to the program to determine

33. Working With FHC • Review all errors prompt in red Error like this indicates that these pipes is out of range specified. But if you know that these pipes are not in the path of your calculation, just ignore the error message

34. Working With FHC • Calculation Results Do not use this function unless you know what you are doing!!! This prompt will appear. Click NO

35. Working With FHC Report Tab Active. Review Results Here Check This Area where the pipes are indicated in RED

36. Working With FHC Report>Calculation Report

37. Working With FHC • Interpreting Hydraulic Calculation Results • Report>Head Summary • check through the head summary to ensure that all design densities used are met for all heads. Check heads input for final verification • Report>Pipe Summary • check all the pipe to ensure that pressure drop is within specified range • if pressure drop exceeds limit, re-size pipe • Report>Check Summary • go through the list to pick up any inconsistency • Report>Calculation Summary • go through the results and check for any inconsistency • need to verify if actual pump can meet this performance

38. Working With FHC • Head Summary & Pipe Summary Report

39. Working With FHC • Check Summary Report

40. Working With FHC • Check Summary • Printout

41. Working With FHC • Calculation Summary Report

42. Working With FHC • Calculation Summary • Printout

43. Working With FHC • Other options • Report>Export To DXF • system generates a dxf file (data exchange format file for all CAD platform) • all pipe information will be translated to dxf format • can be transfer to 2D drawings for submission Pass this information to the drafter for them to distinguish the different layers and where information are stored

44. Working With FHC • Reports>Printout Calculation Report • Summary only

45. Working With FHC • Reports>Printout (Original) • Details for submission • Print one copy • QP endorse 1st Page Set default printer externally first before final printing Print-out options for you to select your output. Be sure to fill up all information before printing

46. Working With FHC • Final Printout This value is more than actual as it assumes all sprinkler heads is operating at maximum condition Check these values Make sure pump can deliver under this operating condition Flow and pressure requirement for pump and not CV

47. Working With FHC • Final Printout Make sure sprinkler heads are correct Summary report indicates number of heads not complying to requirement

48. Working With FHC • Final Printout Check for the location of the Control Valve Use this value for Control Valve pressure

49. Working With FHC • Final Printout Before printing, set view of what you want to see, e.g. node number or pipe size, etc Most remote point indicated as “MRH”

50. ADDITIONAL REQUIREMENTS • Sprinkler Pump and Tank Sizing • Results from hydraulic calculation • Most favourable area - determines the maximum operating flowrate • Most unfavourable area - determines the maximum pump operating head • Sprinkler tank storage can be determined by means of knowing the maximum operating period (I.e. 90 minutes from CP52) • Tank Storage Volume (m3) = Pump flowrate (L/min) x 90 min • 1000 (m3/L)