Interaction of nanostructured silicon with the living matter

1. Interaction of nanostructured silicon with the living matter Irina Kleps National Institute for Research in Microtechnologies, (IMT-Bucharest), P.O.Box 38-160, Bucharest, Romania, fax: 4021.4908238, tel: 4021.4908412/33; e-mail: irinak@imt.ro

2. MAIN PARTNERS • Institute of Microtechnics, Mainz, Germany • NMRC, Cork, Ireland • University of Bucharest, Faculty of Chemistry • Institute of Biochemistry, Bucharest • University of Bucharest, Faculty of Biology Institute Chemico-Pharmaceutical, Bucharest • DEXTERCOM.SRL, Bucharest Our team: Anca Angelescu, Mihaela Miu, Monica Simion, Florea Craciunoiu, Teodora Ignat, Adina Bragaru and Irina Kleps

3. Main results obtained in IMT-Bucharest –Laboratory of Nanotechnology

4. Nanoelectrode array - SEM details • Some advantages of these electrodes: • (i) this kind of nanoelectrodes can be fabricated through the common photolithographic technique - ultraviolet light proximity and does not involve other special lithographic techniques; • (ii) these electrodes are never recessed; • (iii) the array consists of a series of nanoelectrodes separated by an insulating material with sufficient spacing to avoid the overlapping of the diffusion layers.

5. NE Biomedical applications: eukaryote and prokaryote cells ELECTROCHEMICAL CELL ON A CHIP CHO cells on NE array • investigation of the electrochemical bacteria activity; • study of the electron transfer from living cells to the electrode arrays by electrochemical measurements; • conduction measurement on living cell cultures;

6. Nanostructured silicon reactor for cell investigation

7. POROUS SILICON presents the advantage over other bioactive materials because it is compatible with silicon integrated circuit technology The lab-on-a-chip with POROUS SILICON reactor integrated with other electrical and optical Si devices is an useful tool to investigate cells answer to various stimuli such as drug solutions, electric impulses, or change of the temperature PS surface functionalisation can be achieved by thermal, chemical and physico-chemical treatments: (i) thermal treatments in O2 (two steps process); (ii) thin carbon, or silicon carbide layer deposition; (iii) surface derivatization POROUS SILICON is a biocompatible and bioactive substrate which facilitates the adhesion and proliferation of various cell

8. CHO cells on 31% PS / Sip+ (100), with the surface modified by a 30nm carbon (10x) PS/p+Si (100), 31% porosity, annealed in N2 and cultivated with B16-F1 cells (20x); Fluorescence images obtained for CHO cell lines grown on PS surface after 1 and 3 days respectively

9. Resorbable porous silicon nanocomposite reservoirs for mineral or drug delivery Fe(NO3)3 deposition as powder, followed by melting at 470C Spin-on of a mixing etoxyetanol and Fe(NO3)3 Samples with Fe / PS / Si –n (cross section) • Fe release was investigated in SBF solution. • In the first days a strong Fe release was observed due to the dissolution of the iron salt from the PS pores • After that the iron release takes place in the same time with the degradation of the PS matrix in SBF solution.

10. DNA microchip A silicon microchips with a microreactor and a heater for oligonucleotide amplification by polymerase chain reaction - PCR and rapid analysis of the DNA samples Functionalized reservoir with poly (lysine).Fluorescent primer immobilisation, 10 pmols /µl

11. Microfluidic Biochip for Biomedical Application

12. Recent published papers • I. Kleps, A. Angelescu, M. Miu, M. Simion, A. Bragaru, M. Avram, Nanoelectrodes on silicon for electrochemical applications, in NATO – ASI: Synthesis, Functional Properties and Applications of Nanostructures, (2002) • I. Kleps, A. Angelescu, M. Miu, Materials Science & Engineering C-Biomimetic and Supramolecular Systems; 19:219-223 (2002). • Irina Kleps, Anca Angelescu, Marioara Avram, Mihaela Miu, Monica Simion, Microelectronic Engineering 61-62 (2002) 675-680. • Irina Kleps, "Electrochemical nanoelectrodes", in "Encyclopedia of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology", H. S. Nalwa, (Ed.), American Scientific Publishers, 793-817, 2004. • A. Angelescu, I. Kleps, M. Miu, L. Zdrentu, S. Petrescu, M. Simion, A. Bragaru, T. Neghina,“Nanostructured silicon: from material to devices for biomedical applications” “Nanoscience and Nanotechnology” 4, Heron Press, Sofia, 2004, pp 280-283; • M. Miu, I. Kleps, A. Angelescu, T. Ignat, A. Bragaru, M. Simion, S. Petrescu, L. Zdrentu, N. Moldovan, M. Modreanu, P. Rosengrave, “Porous silicon – a nanostructured biomaterial”, “Nanoscience and Nanoengineering” Vol., Series in “Micro and Nanoengineering”, Romanian Academy Editure, Bucuresti 2004. • A. Angelescu, I. Kleps, M. Miu, S. Petrescu, C. Paduraru, M. Simion, A. Bragaru, A. Raducanu,“Thin carbon layers on nanostructured silicon -properties and applications”, “Frontiers of Multifunctional Integrated Nanosystems”, Kluwer Academic Publishers, 2004, 197-204. • M. Miu, A. Angelescu, I. Kleps, M. Simion, A. Bragaru, T. Neghina, M. Modreanu, D. Iacopino, P. Roseingrave,“Porous silicon matrix as mineral microreservoir”, CAS 2003 Proceedings, vol. 1, 26th edition, oct. 8-12, 2003, p. 99-105; • A. Angelescu, I. Kleps, M. Miu, T. Neghina, M. Simion, A. Bragaru, M. Giurginca, „Metal-porous silicon composite layers for biomedical applications”, „European Micro and Nanosystems 2004 (EMN04), Paris, Franta, 20-21 octombrie, 2004; • Monica Simion, Oana Tatiana Nedelcu, Irina Kleps, Anca Angelescu, Mihaela Miu,“Electro - Thermal Simulation For PCR Silicon Chips”, Spring College on Science at Nanoscale , Trieste Italia