Healthy Liver Support: digest active Denk - Essential Nutrients for Your Health

1. Training Passende Bildauswahl! Essential nutrients for your health

2. What is a Food Supplement?

3. Contents • Product information • Key Benefits • Target Group • Ingredients • Ingredients & Benefits • 5.1 Artichoke • 5.2 Milk Thistle • Digestive System6.1 Digestion6.2 Accessory Digestive Organs6.3 Biliary system • Digestive Disorders • Reducing symptoms of digestive problems • Good to know • Complementary Treatment

4. Key Information Did you know that your liver has over 500 tasks and is one of the most important organs for primary defense against dietary and environmental toxins?And when the liver is not functioning properly, it most likely cannot produce enough bile to support your body’s needs? This can then negatively affect your nutrient absorption, fat break down and your ability to adequately eliminate toxins and waste from your body. digest active Denk is tailored for stressed people with an unbalanced diet and for people with gallbladder and liver problems. The perfect combination of milk thistle, artichoke, calcium and zinc stimulates the liver and biliary system for a normal fat digestion. Milk thistle is a powerful herb with proven ability to protect, detoxify and regenerate your liver. Artichoke has antioxidant, liver-protective and bile enhancing effects. Protect your liver and support your biliary metabolismwith digest active Denk.

5. 1. Product Information Supports theliverandbiliarymetabolism

6. 2. Key Benefits • With high quality artichoke and milk thistle extract. • digest active Denk supports the digestive function. • digest active Denk stimulates the liver and biliary systems for a normal fat digestion. • Helps maintaining a healthy bile production. • Can help reduce symptoms of dyspepsia.

7. 3. Target Group People who eat a lot of fatty food and drink alcohol. Stressed people who have an unbalanced diet(high in calories, refined carbohydrates and low in fiber). People who have dyspepsia, liver and/or gallbladder problems. Elderly people with a reduced function to produce digestive juice.

8. 4. Ingredients INGREDIENTS INTAKE 1-2 capsules per day to be consumed before meals and with plenty of liquid.

9. Train the Brain - Quiz For who is digest active Denk suitable? • People who eat a lot of fatty food and drink alcohol • People with dyspepsia or irritable bowel syndrome • Stressed people who have an unbalanced diet • Elderly people with a reduced function to produce digestive juice • People with liver and/or gallbladder problems

10. 5. Ingredients & Benefits MILK THISTLE- the active biological part of the herb, called silymarin, has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties which help maintain a healthy liver function. 1 ARTICHOKEcontains the active ingredient cynarin. The natural ingredients such as cynarin can prevent dyspepsia and activate the bile production.2 ZINC contributes to normal metabolism of fatty acids.3 CALCIUM contributes to the normal function of digestive enzymes.3 MILK THISTLE ARTICHOKE ZINC CALCIUM

11. 5.1 Artichoke ARTICHOKE • Artichoke (cynarascolymus) is a vegetable and medicinal plant • Artichoke leafs contain the active ingredient cynarin • It can reduce symptoms like nausea, vomiting, flatulence and abdominal pain 2 • Decreases cholesterol, especially LDL-cholesterol an can improve LDL/HDL ratio 4 • Has antioxidative and protective properties 5 • Has a beneficial effect on the liver6 • Has a bile-enhancing effect 6 • Artichoke helps people with digestive and bowel problems 6

12. 5.2 Milk thistle MILK THISTLE • is a plant native to the Mediterranean region • The name comes from the milky fluid that comes out of the leaves when they are crushed 7 • Milk thistle is a medical plant that contains a flavonoid called silymarin8 • Silymarin is found in the entire plant but it is concentrated in the fruit and seeds8 • Silymarin has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties and protects the liver from toxins 8 • It has metabolic, cell-regulating, hepatoprotective and anticarcinogenic effects 9,10

13. 6. Digestive System • Food and drink must be changed into smaller molecules of nutrients before the blood absorbs them and carries them to the cells throughout the body. • To meet the body’s shifting demands, the digestive system requires a lot of organs to perform a lot of specific tasks to break down and absorb the right nutrient at the right time. • The digestive organs (liver, pancreas and gallbladder) secrete enzymes to the digestive system at various points to break down the food into its most basic chemical building blocks. • The body then absorbs these smaller molecules through the walls of the small intestine into the bloodstream, which delivers them to the rest of the body. • Chewing breaks the food into smaller pieces so that the enzymes and acids can have access to more surface in order to break it down into even smaller pieces until they are fine enough for the body to absorb the nutrients from them. Enzymes Food Chemical buildingblocks

14. 6.1 Digestion Digestion occurs in 6 main steps: • Ingestion (chewing) • Propulsion (swallowing and peristalsis) • Mechanical Breakdown (stomach, and intestinal peristalsis) • Chemical Digestion (enzymes + the accessory digestive organs) • Absorption • Defecation Enzymes are proteins that speed up chemical reactions. They break down the macromolecules in the food into the building blocks that the cells in our bodies can absorb.

15. 6.2 Accessory Digestive Organs The digestive system is made up of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, the liver, pancreas, and gallbladder. • 2. Liver • Central organ for the metabolism • Produces bile salts • Stores important nutrients • Removes toxics from the blood Liver • 1. Stomach • Fat digestion starts in the stomach • Fat is split partly by the enzyme lipase (built by the gastric mucosa) Gallbladder Stomach Duodenum • 4. Duodenum • Fat in the duodenum stimulates the gallbladder and the pancreas to release bile and lipase • Bile is required as an emulsifier to form fat droplets • Lipase splits those fat droplets in fatty acids and monocglycerids • 3. Gallbladder • Stores bile which is important for the digestion and absorption of fats • Bile is forwarded into the duodenum • Toxins (that cannot be removed by the kidneys) are removed through the bile

16. 6.3 Biliary System • The liver produces a digestive juice called bile. • The gallbladder stores bile between meals. • When a person eats, the gallbladder squeezes bile through the bile ducts, which connect the gallbladder and liver to the small intestine. • The bile mixes with the fat in food. The bile acids dissolve fat into the watery contents of the intestine, so the intestinal and pancreatic enzymes (like lipase) can digest the fat molecules. • Without enough bile, fat covers the carbohydrates and proteins that are also being digested, making it hard for the lipase to continue the fat digestion process. Bile salt is the actual component which helps break down and absorb fats. Itis an emulsifier of dietary fats and essential for the utilization of the fat soluble vitamins E, D, K and A

17. Train the Brain - Quiz What are positive effects of artichoke and milk thistle? • Milk Thistle contains the active ingredient silymarin • has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties and protects the liver from toxins • has metabolic and cell-regulating effects • hepatoprotective and anticarcinogenic effects • Artichoke contains the active ingredient cynarin • can reduce symptoms like nausea, vomiting, flatulence and abdominal pain • decreases cholesterol • Has antioxidative and protective properties • Has a beneficial effect on the liver • Has a bile-enhancing effect

18. 7. Digestive Disorders • Dyspepsia • Dyspepsia (also called upset stomach or indigestion) is a term used to describe one or more symptoms of pain or discomfort centered in the upper abdomen. • People may have one or more of these symptoms: • Early fullness during a meal • Belly pain or discomfort • Burning in the upper abdomen and heartburn • Bloating or nausea • Indigestion can be caused by a condition in the digestive tract such as gastroesophageal reflux disease, peptic ulcer disease or abnormality of the pancreas or bile ducts. • Milk thistle and artichoke leaf extract can reduce symptoms such as nausea, flatulence, and abdominal pain in patients with functional dyspepsia and dyspepsia associated with biliary disease. More than 25% of adults present some kind of digestive disorder at one point in their lives Most people attribute digestive conditions to a problem with the stomach or intestines. Not many realize it could be a problem with the bile. Source: International Foundationfor Gastrointestinal FunctionalDisorders

19. 7. Digestive Disorders • Reasons of fat malabsorption and/or digestion can be either a lipase deficiency resulting e.g. from pancreatic insufficiency, or an abnormal bile salt synthesis or excretion • Without enough good quality bile, fat cannot be digested and absorbed properly which results in an increased fat excretion • Symptoms • Diarrhea • Abdominal bloating and gas • Steatorrhea and fatty stools (due to high fat content) • Fat-soluble vitamins A, D, E and K can only be absorbed with fat, thus a vitamin deficiency can occur19 Problems in fat digestion

20. 8. Reducing symptoms of digestive problems Tips for reducing symptoms of digestive problems: • Eat several small meals instead of two or three large meals • Avoid alcohol, coffee and tobacco • Spicy foods and foods with a lot of acids can worsen symptoms • When having biliary problems, reduce fat intake • Artichoke leave extract has a bile stimulating impact

21. Train the Brain - Quiz What is dyspepsia? • Dyspepsia (also called upset stomach or indigestion) is a term used to describe one or more symptoms of pain or discomfort centered in the upper abdomen. • People may have one or more of these symptoms: • Early fullness during a meal • Belly pain or discomfort • Burning in the upper abdomen and heartburn • Bloating or nausea • More than 25% of adults present some kind of digestive disorder at one point in their lives

22. 9. Good to know Food that is rich in fat and alternatives: Source: Referring to the ‚instead of – table‘ of the aid infodienstErnährung, Landwirtschaft, Verbraucheschutze.V.

23. 10. Complementary Treatment INDICATION: digestive problems + + + Rani-Denk Panto-Denk Immun active • Calms nervous system • Reduces chronic inflammatory stress levels • Controls the production of gastric acid • Treatment of mild, moderate and severe reflux diseases

24. References [1] National Center forCompelentaryand Integrative Health. Milk Thistle [2] Natural Medicines Database, Artichoke. [3] EU Register on nutritionandhealthclaims. Zinc, Calcium. [4] Englisch, W. et al. (2000): EfficacyofArtchoke dry extract in patientswithhyperlipoproteinemia. [5] Gebhardt, R. (1997): AntioxidativeandProtective Properties ofExtractsfromLeavesottheArtchokeagainsthydroperoxide-Induces Oxidative Stress in Cultured Rat Hepatocytes. In: ToxicologyandAplliedPharmacology. Vol. 144, Issue 2, June 1997, p. 279-286. [6] Salem, B. (2015): Pharmacological Studies ofArtichokeLeafExtractandTheirHealthBenefits. In: Plant Foods Hum Nutr., Dec. 2015, 70 (4): 441-53, doi: 10.1007/s11130-015-0503-8 [7] University of Maryland Medical Center. Milk thistle [8] Abenavoli, L., Capasso, R., Milic, N., Capasso F. (2010): Milk thistle in liverdiseases: past, present, future. In: Phytother Res, Oct 2010, 24 (10): 1423-32.  doi: 10.1002/ptr.3207 [9] Saller, R., Meier, R., Brignoli, R. (2012):The useofsilymarin in the Treatment ofLiverDiseases. In: Drugs, Dec 2001, Vol. 61, Issue 14, pp 2035-2063. [10] Post-White, J., Ladas, El, Kelly, K. (2007): Advances in theuseof milk thistle (Silybummarianum). In: IntegrCancerTher., Jun 2007, vol. 6, no. 2, pp 104-109. doi: 10.1177/1534735407301632 [11] Berufsverband Deutscher Internisten e.V.. Leber- Aufbau und Funktion. Allgemeines zur Leber. [12] John Hopkins Medicine. Biliary System: AnatomyandFunctions. [13] DocCheckFlexikon. Leber. [14] Mayo ClinicStaff. DiseasesandconditionsIndigestion. [15] National Institute ofdiabetesand Digestive andKidneyDiseases. NIH. Indigestion. [16] iffgd (International FoundationforFunctional Gastrointestinal Disorders). FunctionalDyspepsia. [17] Mayo ClinicStaff. DiseasesandConditions. Irritable bowelsydndrome. [18] National insituteofdiabetesandDigestieandKidneyDiseases. NIH. Definition and Facts for Irritable Bowel Syndrome. [19] A. Christophe, De Vriese, S. (2000): Fat Digestion and Absorption. Urbana: AOCS. [20] Hotz, J. (1984): Leitsymptom: Fettstuhl. In: Deutsches Ärzteblatt

25. References [21] WebMD. Digestive Disorders Health Center. Dyspepsia – Topic Overview. [22] Kirchhof, I. Fett sparen – die „Anstatt-Tabelle“ (http://www.netdoktor.de/Gesund-Leben/Ernaehrung/Wissen/Fett-sparen-die-Anstatt-Tabell-9348.html) [23] National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, NIH (2007): Alcohol Metabolism. An Update. [24] Maher, J. (1997): Exploring Alcohol‘s Effects on Liver Function. In: Alochol. Health & Research World, vol. 21, no 1, 1997.

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