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Chapter Introduction Lesson 1 Describing Motion Lesson 2 Position and Motion Lesson 3 Acceleration Chapter Wrap-Up. Chapter Menu. What are some ways to describe motion?. Chapter Introduction. What do you think?.

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  1. Chapter Introduction Lesson 1 Describing Motion Lesson 2 Position and Motion Lesson 3Acceleration Chapter Wrap-Up Chapter Menu

  2. What are some ways to describe motion? Chapter Introduction

  3. What do you think? Before you begin, decide if you agree or disagree with each of these statements. As you view this presentation, see if you change your mind about any of the statements. Chapter Introduction

  4. 1. Displacement is the distance an object moves along a path. 2. The description of an object’s position depends on the reference point. 3. Constant speed is the same thing as average speed. Do you agree or disagree? Chapter Introduction

  5. 4. Velocity is another name for speed. 5.You can calculate acceleration by dividing the change in velocity by the change in distance. 6. An object accelerates when either its speed or its direction changes. Do you agree or disagree? Chapter Introduction

  6. Position and Motion • How does the description of an object’s position depend on a reference point? • How can you describe the position of an object in two dimensions? • What is the difference between distance and displacement? Lesson 1 Reading Guide - KC

  7. Position and Motion • reference point • position • motion • displacement Lesson 1 Reading Guide - Vocab

  8. Describing Position A description of a location usually states the location relative to a certain point. relative Science Use compared (to) Common Use a member of your family Lesson 1-1

  9. Describing Position(cont.) • A reference point is a starting point that can be used to locate a place or thing. • A position is an object’s distance in a certain direction from a reference point. Lesson 1-1

  10. Describing Position(cont.) A complete description of your position includes a distance, a direction, and a reference point. Lesson 1-1

  11. Describing Position(cont.) How does the description of an object’s position depend on a reference point? Lesson 1-1

  12. Describing Position(cont.) An object’s position is described by a reference direction, such as toward the slide. Lesson 1-1

  13. Describing Position(cont.) The reference direction is the positive (+) direction and the opposite direction is the negative (-) direction. Lesson 1-1

  14. Describing Position in Two Dimensions • When you describe a position using two directions, you are using two dimensions. • To find a position in two dimensions you must choose a reference point, specify reference directions, and then determine the distance along each reference direction. Lesson 1-2

  15. Describing Position in Two Dimensions (cont.) How can you describe the position of an object in two dimensions? Lesson 1-2

  16. Describing Changes in Position Motion is the process of changing position. motion from Latin motere, means “to move” Lesson 1-3

  17. The man in the boat is not in motion compared to his fishing pole. He is in motion compared to the buoy. Lesson 1-3

  18. Describing Changes in Position(cont.) • Displacement is the difference between the initial (first) position and the final position of an object. • Distance depends on the path taken. • Displacement depends only on the initial and final positions. Lesson 1-3

  19. Lesson 1-3

  20. Lesson 1-3

  21. Describing Changes in Position(cont.) Distance and displacement are equal only if the motion is in one direction. What is the difference between distance and displacement? Lesson 1-3

  22. A reference point, a reference direction, and distance are needed to describe the position of an object. Lesson 1 - VS

  23. An object is in motion if its position changes relative to a reference point. Lesson 1 - VS

  24. The distance an object moves and the object’s displacement are not always the same. Lesson 1 - VS

  25. When you describe a position using two directions, how many dimensions are you using? A. one B. two C. three D. none of the above Lesson 1 – LR1

  26. Which of these refers to the difference between the initial position and the final position of an object? A. motion B. reference point C. displacement D. direction Lesson 1 – LR2

  27. When describing an object’s position, the reference direction is which of these? A. the positive direction B. the negative direction C. both of these D. none of these Lesson 1 – LR3

  28. 1. Displacement is the distance an object moves along a path. 2. The description of an object’s position depends on the reference point. Do you agree or disagree? Lesson 1 - Now

  29. Speed and Velocity • What is speed? • How can you use a distance-time graph to calculate average speed? • What are ways velocity can change? Lesson 2 Reading Guide - KC

  30. Speed and Velocity • speed • constant speed • instantaneous speed • average speed • velocity Lesson 2 Reading Guide - Vocab

  31. What is speed? Speed is a measure of the distance an object travels in a unit of time. What is speed? Lesson 2-1

  32. What is speed?(cont.) You can calculate speed by dividing the distance traveled by the time it takes to go that distance. Lesson 2-1

  33. What is speed?(cont.) Constant speed is the rate of change of position in which the same distance is traveled each second. Lesson 2-1

  34. What is speed?(cont.) When the car’s speed changes, it moves a different distance each period of time. Lesson 2-1

  35. What is speed?(cont.) • Instantaneous speed is speed at a specific instant in time. • Average speed is the total distance traveled divided by the total time taken to travel that distance. Lesson 2-1

  36. Distance-Time Graphs • Graphs that show comparisons between distance and time are called distance-time graphs. • Constant speed is shown as a straight line on a distance-time graph. Lesson 2-2

  37. Distance-Time Graphs(cont.) • You can use distance-time graphs to compare the motion of two different objects. • The steeper line indicates a faster speed. Lesson 2-2

  38. You can use distance-time graphs to calculate the average speed of an object. Lesson 2-2

  39. Distance-Time Graphs(cont.) How can you use a distance-time graph to calculate average speed? Lesson 2-2

  40. Distance-Time Graphs(cont.) If the speed of an object changes instead of being constant, its motion on a distance-time graph is a curved line. Lesson 2-2

  41. Velocity Velocity is the speed and the direction of a moving object. velocity from Latin velocitas, means “swiftness, speed” Lesson 2-3

  42. Velocity(cont.) • The velocity of an object can be represented by an arrow. • A greater speed is shown by a longer arrow. • The arrow points in the direction of the object’s movement. Lesson 2-3

  43. Velocity(cont.) Velocity changes when the speed of an object changes, when the direction that the object moves changes, or when both the speed and the direction change. Lesson 2-3

  44. Velocity(cont.) How can velocity change? Lesson 2-3

  45. Speed is a measure of the distance an object travels in a unit of time. You can describe an object’s constant speed, instantaneous speed, or average speed. • A distance-time graph shows the speed of an object. Lesson 2 - VS

  46. Velocity includes both the speed and the direction of motion. Lesson 2 - VS

  47. The total distance traveled divided by the total time taken to travel that distance is known as which of these? A. speed B. constant speed C. instantaneous speed D. average speed Lesson 2 – LR1

  48. Units of speed are units of distance divided by which of these? A. units of speed B. constant speed C. units of time D. average speed Lesson 2 – LR2

  49. How is constant speed represented on a distance-time graph? A. a wavy line B. a crooked line C. a straight line D. a curved line Lesson 2 – LR3

  50. Do you agree or disagree? 3. Constant speed is the same thing as average speed. 4. Velocity is another name for speed. Lesson 2 - Now

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