RCM Capabilities for Ice & Sea-Ice Applications IICWG … G. Séguin, R. Girard, Y.Crevier

1. RCM Capabilities for Ice & Sea-Ice Applications IICWG … G. Séguin, R. Girard, Y.Crevier

2. Outline • RCM Requirements • Mission Design Process • System Requirements • Ice and Sea-Ice User Requirements • RCM capabilities for Ice and Sea-Ice • Conclusion

3. RCM Requirements • Key Requirements: • Continuity of C-band SAR data for main RADARSAT Operational Users. • Average Daily Revisit of Canada (read Northern hemisphere) • Improved System Reliability • Initial requirements were provided in 2003 by DND, DFO, TC and EC-CIS. Ship Surveillance Pollution Surveillance Sea Ice & Ice Cover

4. Mission Design Process • Key Mission Documents were produced in collaboration with users and industry. • Seven meetings were held with the users to arrive at the final version of URD and MRD at end of Phase A

5. Meeting Mission Requirements • Three satellites • Average daily coverage of Canadian waters and regular land coverage • Average daily global access • Data analyzed in near real time for operational applications • 2 to 4-day Coherent Change Detection using SAR interferometry • Dual polarization data capability, with experimental quad pol • Gradual implementation with launches every 15 months • Ground Segment Interoperable with Sentinel-1 (Goal). Mission Requirements were translated from the User Requirements Document by CSA experts: RADARSAT Constellation daily coverage RADARSAT-1 or 2 daily coverage

6. Schedule Jun 13 Sep 14 Dec 15 Jun 05 Apr 08 Jul 09 Apr 11

7. Ice and Maritime Applications • Main operational applications for RCM. • Large area to monitor • Coverage of Maritime Approach of Canada up to 1200 nm • Short Data Latency (10 minute to 3 hours) • Seasonal coverage (winter vs summer) SEA ICE SHIPS OIL SPILL WIND

8. Ice Requirements • CIS was strongly involved in requirement definition process, ensuring that their needs were properly formulated. • Beam modes were designed and tested to make sure that final products would be satisfactory.

9. Compliance to Ice Requirements

10. Beam Modes for Ice Applications • Medium Resolution “50-meter” mode • Intended for general purpose maritime surveillance including ship detection, ice monitoring, and ISTOP. • 4 range looks, 50 m resolution • NESZ of –22 dB • 350 km swath • 500 km accessible swath • “Specialized variants” on Medium Resolution Mode • Low Noise mode intended for ice applications • 100 m resolution and –25 dB NESZ, 4 range looks and 2 azimuth looks

11. Conflicts with other applications When there is no conflict, dedicated mode can be used ·  Ship detection: ~80% of the areas of interest can be imaged using a dedicated mode when desired; ·  CIS: ~30% of the areas of interest can be imaged using a dedicated mode when desired; ·  ISTOP: 100% of the areas of interest can be imaged using the dedicated mode, since the compromise mode is also the mode most suited to pollution detection. If there is a conflict the medium resolution mode will be used.

12. Conclusions • Ice monitoring is one of the main operational applications for RCM. • Needs of Ice Monitoring community have included early in the RCM requirements. • System design has carefully been taylored to ensure compliance to ice monitoring requirements. • New system will offer improved revisit and similar data quality as RADARSAT. • Data latency will be much improved.