Welcome to the United States Power Squadrons' Chart Smart Seminar

1. Welcometo the • United States Power Squadrons' • Chart Smart Seminar Aids to Navigation (Section 4)

2. Section 4: Aids to Navigation Marks Lateral System Non-Lateral System Ranges Sound Signals Additional Topics Class Agenda - cont'd

3. What Navigational Aids Tell Navigators • Deep, safe water • Shallow, hazardous water • Obstructions & channels • Ranges • And much more …

4. Lateral Systemclockwise along coasts or intracoastal waterways

5. Lateral SystemThe "3R" Rule • When Returning from sea, • Keep Red side of channel marks • To your Right - starboard Red - Right - Returning

6. “MARK” AN AID TO NAVIGATION YOU SEE WHILE BOATING • TWO CATEGORIES OF MARKS • Lateral Marks • Marks starboard and port sides of a route • Non-Lateral Marks • Supplemental aids having no lateral significance

7. IDENTIFICATION OF “MARKS” • In Daylight • Shapes • Colors • Numbers or letters • Sounds • At Night • Light color and patterns • Sounds Always Locate Marks On Your Chart

8. TYPES OF “MARKS” • BUOYS • Floating marks anchored at specific locations • BEACONS • Fixed marks permanently fastened to the earth’s surface • RANGES • Indicates center of a channel

9. Chart symbol • Diamond with a small position circle • Magenta disc around position circle, if lighted “BUOYS” • Floating Aids • Various shapes and colors • Position - approximate • Identified by • Number, letters, sound devices and lights

10. Permanently fixed to Earth's surface • Examples: • Lighthouses • Daybeacons • Identified by: • Numbers, letters, sound devices, lights • Chart symbols: • Unlighted - small triangle or square • Lighted - magenta flare with a black position dot “BEACONS”

11. “RANGES” • Marks center of a channel • Back mark is taller than front mark • When marks are aligned vertically, you are in the center of the channel

12. Lateral System

13. Lateral System

15. USWMS

19. Chart Work Class Exercise “2” Using the Bowditch Bay practice chart, determine: What is the type of bottom found in the vicinity of G C "1" at Shark River _________________________________ The characteristics of RG “D” Fl R Gong (color, light sequence, sound) _________________________________ The special nav aid that is visible when approaching Oyster River ____________________________________ The characteristics of the stationary aids at the entrance to Perkins Cove______________________________________

21. Chart Work Class Exercise “2” Using the Bowditch Bay practice chart, determine: What is the type of bottom found in the vicinity of G C "1" at Shark River ___Hrd (hard bottom) ____________ The characteristics of RG “D” Fl R Gong (color, light sequence, sound) _lighted, flashing red, group of 2 then 1 flashes, sound is a "gong" type_ The special nav aid that is visible when approaching Oyster River _a range, true course of 245 degrees when aligned vertically; also, a mid-channel marker, RW "OR", Mo (A) light seq _ The characteristics of the stationary aids at the entrance to Perkins Cove _two 24 ft towers, lighted - flashing, on the end of each breakwater

22. End of Section 4 Aids to Navigation