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Snap-On Scanner

Snap-On Scanner. REAL WORLD DIAGNOSTICS. General Navigation ( Controls ). Three controls provide ALL scanner operation Thumbwheel – navigates from operation to operation YES (Y) Button NO (N) Button. YES Button. The general uses of the YES (Y) button are:

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Snap-On Scanner

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  1. Snap-On Scanner REAL WORLD DIAGNOSTICS

  2. General Navigation( Controls ) • Three controls provide ALL scanner operation • Thumbwheel – navigates from operation to operation • YES (Y) Button • NO (N) Button

  3. YES Button The general uses of the YES(Y)button are: • Select a menu entry shown by the cursor > • Advance (continue) through test routines and other operating programs • Choose YES when a yes or no choice is given

  4. YES Button cont • Capture and hold a single frame of data in a data-viewing mode • When armed, trigger a movie recording • Change the thumbwheel scrolling operation when you are reviewing a movie

  5. NO Button The general uses of the NO (N)button are: • Reverse a step or exit from any menu or program • Return to the previous menu or an EXIT options menu

  6. NO Button cont • Continue to back out to the next higher menu until reaching the Main Menu • Abort a program in process • Choose NOwhen a yes or no choice is given

  7. Quick ID Function Press and hold the Quick ID button to apply power to the scanner from the internal 9 volt battery. Then enter vehicle identification before you connect the scanner to vehicle power. The scanner will display a vehicle connection message at the end of vehicle identification. Release the Quick ID button and connect to the vehicle as instructed on the display

  8. Quick ID Function cont. • The 9 volt battery located under the left handgrip, also supplies power to the scanner to hold the following information: • The last complete vehicle or system identification entered into the scanner

  9. Quick ID Function cont. • Any data recorded as a movie or saved in memory by holding a frame of data • Most custom setup selections • Fixed line selections in the data display until you change vehicle identification

  10. Demonstration Program • Almost all scan tools have internal demo modes of operation. The Snap-On Scanner might have the best and most detailed you will ever see. • These demo’s are built in to ALL of the cartridges. USE THEM

  11. Demonstration Program cont • In order to use the engine demo program on Ford and General Motors, enter D1M in this order when ID is entered. • In order to use the engine demo program on a Chrysler, just place the cursor on the demo selection in the Main Menu

  12. Demonstration Program cont • In order to use the ABS demo program on Ford and General Motors, enter S1M in this order when ID is entered. • In order to the ABS and other demo programs ( Transmission, CCD etc.) on a Chrysler place the cursor on demo selection in the Main Menu.

  13. Custom Setup • LED Menu • Communication setup • English / Metric • Backlight

  14. Custom Setup cont. • LED MENU – Different vehicles use the LED’s in specific ways. An example of this is GM vehicles use LED #1 to indicate open or close loop and LED #2 to indicate above or below 450mv being read by the oxygen sensor. LED’s #3 & #4 are programable

  15. Custom Setup cont. • LED MENU – On a Chrysler vehicle the normal procedure would be for LED #1 to indicate rich or lean engine operation and LED #3 to indicate the whether or not the PCM is receiving a signal from the Knock sensor. LED’s #2 and #4 are not used. On other vehicles always look at custom setup to see what the LED’s are being used for.

  16. Custom Setup • COMMUNICATION SETUP – This mode is used to match the baud rate of the Snap-On Scanner to any other device you are trying to communicate with (e.g. printer or software programs like Scan Gra-Fix you are using on your computer).

  17. Custom Setup cont. • ENGLISH / METRIC – This mode is used for preference on seeing codes and data information in either English or Metric

  18. Recording a MOVIE • The Snap-On Scanner can record operating data from any vehicle system that transmits information in the codes & data mode. This includes some transmission control computers, as well as engine control systems. This is sometimes referred to as snapshot or flight recorder capability. The recorded movie provides 75 to 100 frames of operating data for troubleshooting problems.

  19. Recording a MOVIE cont. • A recorded movie is very useful for solving intermittent driveability problems. The movie is armed to record from the codes & data exit menu triggered by pressing Y while reviewing codes & data. A movie stays in scanner memory until the movie in rearmed to record another movie or until vehicle identification is changed

  20. Scan Gra-Fix

  21. Scan Gra-Fix

  22. General Motors A typical GM Main Menu lets you select the following general functions: • Codes and Data – This selection allows you to read trouble codes and view information from the PCM

  23. General Motors cont • Functional Tests – This selection allows you to use specific engine operating tests. • Movie – This selection allows you the ability to record the data while road testing the vehicle or while using the dyno.

  24. General Motors cont GM TEST METHODS Mode Resistance across pins A & BScanner Screen Open Infinite ( open circuit ) Codes & Data (normal) C & D and road test ______________________________________________________ Diagnostic 10 kilohms Codes & Data ______________________________________________________ Backup 3.9 kilohms Functional Test ______________________________________________________ Field Service 0 ohms (shorted) Functional Test

  25. General Motors cont OPEN or NORMAL MODE • When pins A & B are not connected, an open circuit (infinite resistance) exists between them. This is sometimes referred to as “road test” mode, the PCM operation is not altered for any special diagnostic condition.

  26. General Motors cont DIAGNOSTIC MODE • In the diagnostic mode, the scanner places a 10 kilohm resistive load across pins A and B. This pulls the voltage on pin B down to about 2.5 volts and “turns on” the data stream to the scanner. This mode may be called the “special” or the “10k” in some manuals.

  27. General Motors cont DIAGNOSTIC MODE cont • The 10 kilohm load also affects PCM and engine operation in one or more following ways • Bypasses internal clock or timer • Adds a calibrated amount of spark advance • Energizes air switching solenoid KOEO

  28. General Motors cont • either energizes or disables canister purge solenoid • fixes idle speed, idle air counts and injection pulse width • changes EGR operation during some engine running conditions • forces an idle air count reset at part throttle • prevents new DTC’s from setting while the 10 kilohm load is present

  29. General Motors cont BACKUP MODE • The PCM of a fuel injected engine contains a backup program and lookup tables that control fuel metering in case of a major system failure. When operating in backup mode, the PCM is powered by the ignition feed circuit and relies only on the signals from the distributor (tach), TP sensor and ECT sensor.

  30. General Motors cont BACKUP MODE • This mode of operation is sometimes referred to as “limp-in” which allows the vehicle to be driven to a shop for repair. The vehicle will not run normally because of the inhibited fuel control and restricted spark advance. On some vehicles, the mode will “time-out” every 50 miles, but will restart again and continue to operate.

  31. General Motors cont BACKUP MODE • A 3.9 kilohm resistive load must be placed across pins A and B of the ALDL to engage the backup mode. This mode is sometimes referred to as “3.9k” mode. If the vehicle runs better is this mode suspect air intake and/or fuel metering signals to the PCM to be faulty (e.g. MAF sensor)

  32. General Motors cont FIELD SERVICE MODE • When pin B is shorted to pin A in the ALDL connector, the PCM enters the field service mode. The field service mode can be used for different purposes, which include:

  33. General Motors cont FIELD SERVICE MODE • KOEO the MIL will flash DTC’s. Field service also energizes PCM controlled solenoids, allowing you to check for proper solenoid operation and current draw. On some vehicles the ignition timing is set to a fixed degree of advance so you can check and adjust base timing.

  34. General Motors cont FIELD SERVICE MODE • When a fuel injected engine is running in field service mode, the MIL does not flash DTC’s, but it will continue to flash. It flashes rapidly, several times per second, when the engine is in open loop and slowly, about once per second, when the engine is in closed loop.

  35. General Motors cont • Custom Setup – This selection allows you to tailor the Snap-On Scanner to your preferences (e.g.- metric or english, LED menu programming, baud rate communication for printing etc.)

  36. General Motors cont • Fast-Track Troubleshooting – This selection will take you over to the Troubleshooter Diagnostic cartridge. You will find detailed diagnostic information for driveability problems with and without trouble codes, along with tests and repair procedures

  37. Ford KOEO • Key-on, engine-off test – This test displays on-demand hard codes present with the ignition on, but the engine not running. These are usually electrical open and short circuits and must be serviced first,before any other codes.

  38. Ford KOEO cont • For EEC-IV systems, the key-on, engine off test also displays continuous memory soft codes of intermittent faults from PCM memory. These memory codes should be serviced last, after any other hard codes

  39. Ford KOER • Key-on, engine running test – This test displays on-demand hard codes present with the engine running. These should be serviced second, after any KOEO hard codes and before any memory codes. Most 1988 and later Ford vehicles will not perform a KOER test if any KOEO hard codes are present and uncorrected

  40. Ford Wiggle Test • The engine-off and engine-running wiggle tests place the scanner and the PCM in a standby mode to indicate an intermittent problem caused by wiggling electrical harnesses. If a fault occurs during a wiggle test, it is recorded in the PCM memory as a soft intermittent code. The KOEO test must be repeated to read the code.

  41. Ford Functional Tests • Computed Timing – This test allows you to check ignition timing with the engine running at a controlled idle speed and a fixed amount of timing advance ( 20 deg ) above base timing ( which is 10 deg )

  42. Ford Functional Test cont OUTPUT STATE TEST • This test allows you to switch discrete PCM signals to system actuators on/off so that you can test component operation directly with a voltmeter or lab scope. In this test, the throttle serves as a toggle switch to cycle all PCM controlled actuators.

  43. Ford Functional Tests cont CYLINDER BALANCE TESTING (SEFI) • This test checks the operation of sequential fuel injection systems by disabling individual fuel injectors according to the firing order and noting engine rpm changes for each cylinder. A one stage test was used on 1986 and some 1987, after that the three stage test was introduced.

  44. Chrysler FUNCTIONAL TESTS • Fuel Pressure Test • Read J2 Volts • CDR Tester • Engine Off Tests • Engine Running Tests

  45. Chrysler cont. • Fuel Pressure Test – This test lets you energize the Chrysler auto shutdown relay and operate the electric fuel pump. This will pressurize the fuel rail or throttle body assembly so you can check fuel system pressure. The key thing to remember here is that the PCM will ignore the program of waiting for a reference signal to operate the pump.

  46. Chrysler cont. • READ J2 VOLTS – Circuit J2 or FJ2 on Chrysler vehicles is the ignition supply circuit to the PCM. It runs from the battery, through the ignition switch and/or the ASD relay to the SMEC or SBEC connector. We all seem to realize how important the EEC Power relay is on a Ford vehicles, but fail to realize the ASD on a Chrysler is even more important because it also feeds the ignition coil.

  47. Chrysler cont • CDR TESTER – These tests are designed for a technician who is familiar with Chrysler’s Diagnostic Readout (CDR) tester. In this mode, the Snap-On scanner operates exactly like a CDR tester or a Diagnostic Readout Box (DRB)

  48. Chrysler cont. ENGINE OFF TESTS – This mode allows you to run a series of tests from Chrysler service manuals. The tests follow this general order • A review of fault codes • A group of switch tests to check the operation of driver-controlled switches

  49. Chrysler cont. ENGINE OFF TESTS cont. • An Actuator Test Mode (ATM) to check the operation of actuators, such as fuel injectors, the coolant fan and relay, and others • A group of tests to check the operation of sensors, such as the oxygen sensor, throttle position sensor and others

  50. Chrysler cont. • Chrysler Fault Codes – it is very important to remember to diagnose DTC’s in numerical order. Also, most Chrysler PCM’s will use bookends of 88 and 55 for fault code diagnostics, any number between these two are DTC’s. If only 88 and 55 and shown, this means the self diagnostic system is working and there are no DTC’s

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