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Janeway 9.49 part 2. Roitt 12.22. Roitt 4.1. Classical Activation Pathway. C4b. The Classical Activation Pathway. Some small fragments act as soluble mediators. C5a. C3a. C4a. C2b. C3. C5. C6. C7. C8. C9. C2. C4. C1s. C1. Ab. C5b. C6. C7. C2a. C3b. C8. C9. C4b.
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Classical Activation Pathway C4b The Classical Activation Pathway Some small fragments act as soluble mediators C5a C3a C4a C2b C3 C5 C6 C7 C8 C9 C2 C4 C1s C1 Ab C5b C6 C7 C2a C3b C8 C9 C4b Membrane MAC Some large fragments function by binding to membranes (esp. pathogen membranes) Ucker, 2003
Activation of C4 ACTIVATION OF C4 C4a C4 C4 C1s C4b C1s Ucker, 2003
Thioester mediated binding of C4b THIOESTER-MEDIATED BINDING OF C4b TO THE SURFACE OF APATHOGEN C4a C4 C4b C4b C4b Ucker, 2003 Pathogen
ACTIVATION OF A C3 CONVERTASE C2 Activation of a C3 Convertase C2b C4b C1s C2a C2 C4b C4b C4b Pathogen Thioester-mediated binding to the pathogen: Ucker, 2003
Thioester mediated binding of C3b THIOESTER-MEDIATED BINDING OF C3b TO THE SURFACE OF APATHOGEN C3a C3 C3b C3b C3b Ucker, 2003 Pathogen
Janeway 9.49 part 2 & Mayer Figures 6,8 Channels remaining (%) Cells stained by vital dye (%) Time (minutes) C6 (relative concentration) Temperature-dependent repair by nucleated cells of Complement channels Relative sensitivity of nucleated and non-nucleated cells to membrane attack (M. Mayer 1984)
Glycan structures Sialic Acid Galactose N-Acetyl Glucosamine Mannose Fucose ComplexSialylatedFucosylated Glycan High Mannose Glycan Ucker, 2003
Thioester mediated binding of C3b THIOESTER-MEDIATED BINDING OF C3b TO THE SURFACE OF APATHOGEN C3a C3 C3b C3b C3b Ucker, 2003 Pathogen
Amplification Loop Amplification Loop B C3b C3a C3bB D C3 Ba Properdin stabilization C3 C3 C3bBb (C3 convertase) One C3 convertase molecule cleaves many C3 molecules. C3b interacts with factor B, and more C3 convertase is generated. Hanley, 1998
Three families of Complement proteins Ucker, 2003
Complement is a self-limiting cycle Ucker, 2000
Regulators Of Complement Activation • Regulators Of Complement Activation • Regulators of C3 convertase assembly and destruction:C4b-BP, MCP, CR1, Factor H, DAF (assembly),Factor I (destruction) • Regulators of the lytic pathway (MAC assembly inhibitors):HRF, MRL • Regulators of C1 esterase activity:C1INH(Deficiency = Hereditary Angioneurotic Edema) Ucker, 2000
ACTIVATION OF C3 Activation of C3 C3a C3 C2a4b C3b Pathogen Ucker, 2003
Deficiencies of components within the same pathway result in similar clinical manifestations. B C1 C4 D Properdin C2 C3 (I, H) Pyogenic infections Immune Complex Disease Neisserial infections Severe pyogenic infections Immune Complex Disease C5 C6 C7 Neisserial infections C8 C9 Hanley, 1998