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From Neo-Classicism to Romanticism. From the 1700s to the 1800s. Neo-Classical and Enlightenment Ideals. Reason, rationalism, science The five senses are dependable and sufficient Logic, reason, are the highest human mental qualities Neo-classicism, balance, measure
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From Neo-Classicism to Romanticism From the 1700s to the 1800s
Neo-Classical and Enlightenment Ideals • Reason, rationalism, science • The five senses are dependable and sufficient • Logic, reason, are the highest human mental qualities • Neo-classicism, balance, measure • Control of nature, control of self, management of society and nature for human purposes • Triumph of reason over nature • No excess emotion, no appeal to gods or superstition
Artist/writer as a technical craftsman, applying developed senses and rational judgment to a craft. • The goal of art is to objectify thought, with feeling subordinated to a rational, controlled expression of the subject.
Neo-Classical • Balance • Rational • Judgment • Objective • The subject is presented rationally with good judgment
Subject = Family • Composition, emotion, light, color, etc., everything is subordinated to presenting the subject rationally and with good judgment.
In Western painting, horse and rider is often a metaphor for rational humans in control of passionate nature. Notice that in neo-classicism, the rider (reason, rational mind) is always in control of the horse (emotions, passion, nature).
Even when the subject is very emotional (such as the death of Socrates), the emotion is handled rationally and with good judgment. Everything is subordinated to the rational communication of the subject of the painting.
Romanticism • Nature as source of truth • Nature and the sublime • Soul and individual • The soul can perceive what the five senses cannot • The individual soul in contact with the sublimity of nature is the source of truth • Individual feeling is at least as important as critical thinking • Imagination is at least as important as logic and reason
Romanticism • Appreciation of the local, local dialects, stories, characters, events, etc. • Appreciation of rustic, the rural, ruins • Appreciation of superstition, strange tales, ghost stories (especially in gothic literature) • Artist/writer as prophet or seer, whose soul can achieve a direct connection with the sublimity of nature • The goal of art is to express or even to create an experience of the sublime (which has its source in the soul’s experience of nature)
To explore more, search the internet for words and phrases such as these: • Romanticism • Enlightenment • Pre-Raphaelite painting • Lyrical Ballads • Wordsworth • Coleridge • Romanticism art • Romanticism music